Methylphenidate Modifies the Motion of the Circadian Clock

Antle, Michael C.; Diepen, Hester C. van; Deboer, Tom; Pedram, Pardis; Pereira, Rob Rodrigues; Meijer, Johanna H.

doi:10.1038/npp.2012.103

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Recent evidence that methylphenidate alters the electrical firing rate and clock gene expression in the SCN (Antle et al, 2012; Baird et al, 2013; Mendoza and Challet, 2014) suggests that some drug-induced changes in DA neurotransmission also may influence SCN clock activity. Data from mostly animal models of PD (see below), implicating dopamine in SCN dysfunction, are mixed, but suggest that DA depletion may affect circadian rhythm mechanisms differently in the SCN than in peripheral hypothalamic areas.…”

Section: Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine: A Modulator of Circadian Rhythms in the Central Nervous System

Korshunov

Blakemore

Trombley

2017

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

124

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Circadian rhythms are daily rhythms that regulate many biological processes – from gene transcription to behavior – and a disruption of these rhythms can lead to a myriad of health risks. Circadian rhythms are entrained by light, and their 24-h oscillation is maintained by a core molecular feedback loop composed of canonical circadian (“clock”) genes and proteins. Different modulators help to maintain the proper rhythmicity of these genes and proteins, and one emerging modulator is dopamine. Dopamine has been shown to have circadian-like activities in the retina, olfactory bulb, striatum, midbrain, and hypothalamus, where it regulates, and is regulated by, clock genes in some of these areas. Thus, it is likely that dopamine is essential to mechanisms that maintain proper rhythmicity of these five brain areas. This review discusses studies that showcase different dopaminergic mechanisms that may be involved with the regulation of these brain areas’ circadian rhythms. Mechanisms include how dopamine and dopamine receptor activity directly and indirectly influence clock genes and proteins, how dopamine’s interactions with gap junctions influence daily neuronal excitability, and how dopamine’s release and effects are gated by low- and high-pass filters. Because the dopamine neurons described in this review also release the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA which influences clock protein expression in the retina, we discuss articles that explore how GABA may contribute to the actions of dopamine neurons on circadian rhythms. Finally, to understand how the loss of function of dopamine neurons could influence circadian rhythms, we review studies linking the neurodegenerative disease Parkinson’s Disease to disruptions of circadian rhythms in these five brain areas. The purpose of this review is to summarize growing evidence that dopamine is involved in regulating circadian rhythms, either directly or indirectly, in the brain areas discussed here. An appreciation of the growing evidence of dopamine’s influence on circadian rhythms may lead to new treatments including pharmacological agents directed at alleviating the various symptoms of circadian rhythm disruption.

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Section: Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine: A Modulator of Circadian Rhythms in the Central Nervous System

Korshunov

Blakemore

Trombley

2017

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

124

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“…Up to 80 % of patients with ADHD may experience sleep and circadian disruptions (Van Veen et al 2010;Kooij and Bijlenga 2013). Furthermore, these circadian changes can be exacerbated by some ADHD medications (Antle et al 2012), and sleep problems can contribute to the major symptoms of ADHD, namely lack of attention and hyperactivity (Corkum et al 2008). …”

Section: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Insights into Motivated Behavior

Antle

Silver

2015

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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For an organism to be successful in an evolutionary sense, it and its offspring must survive. Such survival depends on satisfying a number of needs that are driven by motivated behaviors, such as eating, sleeping, and mating. An individual can usually only pursue one motivated behavior at a time. The circadian system provides temporal structure to the organism's 24 hour day, partitioning specific behaviors to particular times of the day. The circadian system also allows anticipation of opportunities to engage in motivated behaviors that occur at predictable times of the day. Such anticipation enhances fitness by ensuring that the organism is physiologically ready to make use of a time-limited resource as soon as it becomes available. This could include activation of the sympathetic nervous system to transition from sleep to wake, or to engage in mating, or to activate of the parasympathetic nervous system to facilitate transitions to sleep, or to prepare the body to digest a meal. In addition to enabling temporal partitioning of motivated behaviors, the circadian system may also regulate the amplitude of the drive state motivating the behavior. For example, the circadian clock modulates not only when it is time to eat, but also how hungry we are. In this chapter we explore the physiology of our circadian clock and its involvement in a number of motivated behaviors such as sleeping, eating, exercise, sexual behavior, and maternal behavior. We also examine ways in which dysfunction of circadian timing can contribute to disease states, particularly in psychiatric conditions that include adherent motivational states.

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“…The endogenous clock is characterized by a cycle of approximately 24 h in duration and it responds to internal or external cues to maintain the homeostatic function by regulating biological and physiological processes such as body temperature, blood pressure, sleep-wake cycles, metabolism, and locomotor activity (Chou et al 2003; Shin et al 2008). Projection from light sensitive retinal ganglion ascends to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which is considered the master clock that regulates the levels of gene expression, hormones, and protein synthesis to reset and synchronize the rhythms to day/night cycle (Antle et al 2012; Moore and Lenn 1972). This clock is sensitive also to various pharmacological agents, and drug exposure may alter the amplitude or the phase of the circadian pacemaker (Giorgetti and Zhdanova 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This clock is sensitive also to various pharmacological agents, and drug exposure may alter the amplitude or the phase of the circadian pacemaker (Giorgetti and Zhdanova 2000). Psychostimulants such as methylphenidate were reported to exhibit an effect on the circadian activity pattern of locomotion (Algahim et al 2009, 2010; Antle et al 2012; Lee et al 2009, 2011). These changes in the circadian activity rhythm serves as an experimental marker in animals to correlate with the long-term effect of the drug (Algahim et al 2009, 2010, ; Bergheim et al 2012; Glaser et al 2012; Lee et al 2009, 2011; Norrell et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral daily rhythmic activity pattern of adolescent female rat is modulated by acute and chronic cocaine

Lee¹,

Burau²,

Dafny³

2013

J Neural Transm

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Cocaine is one of well-known drugs of abuse, and many children experience early exposure to cocaine. Because of an immature neuronal system in adolescents, they may react differently to repeated cocaine administration compared to adults. Most of the published papers report the effect of cocaine on adult male rats and this paper focused on the effects of cocaine on the 24 h locomotor activity rhythm patterns activity of adolescent Sprague Dawley (SD) female rats. Changes in the locomotor activity rhythm patterns could indicate that cocaine elicits long-term changes in the clock genes of the body that regulate different physiological processes. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cocaine in adolescent female rats modulated their daily activity pattern. Animals were divided into control (saline), 3.0, 7.5, 15.0 mg/kg cocaine groups. On experimental day 1 (ED 1), all groups were given saline injection. From ED 2 to ED 7, either saline or cocaine (3.0, 7.5, or 15.0 mg/kg) was given daily. ED 8 to ED 10 were the washout days, where no injection was given. On ED 11, the animals were injected with saline or with the same dose of cocaine as they were treated on ED 2 to ED 7. Each animal’s locomotor activities was recorded nonstop following saline or cocaine injection for 11 consecutive days using the open field assay. In conclusion, it was observed that all three groups receiving repeated cocaine administration (3.0, 7.5, and 15.0 mg/kg) displayed significantly altered locomotor activity rhythm patterns.

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Methylphenidate Modifies the Motion of the Circadian Clock

Cited by 46 publications

References 47 publications

Dopamine: A Modulator of Circadian Rhythms in the Central Nervous System

Dopamine: A Modulator of Circadian Rhythms in the Central Nervous System

Circadian Insights into Motivated Behavior

Behavioral daily rhythmic activity pattern of adolescent female rat is modulated by acute and chronic cocaine

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