Metodología de diseño, observación y cálculo de redes geodésicas interiores en túneles de ferrocarril de alta velocidad

Abstract

RESUMENEl guiado de las Tuneladoras durante su avance debe apoyarse en los puntos determinados inmediatamente detrás de ellas. Conseguir las precisiones requeridas presentaría algunas dificultades en condiciones normales con respecto al exterior, pero en el interior de un túnel se plantean ciertos factores que ensombrecen el panorama. El más importante y difícil de tratar es el de la refracción lateral.El diseño de redes interiores es uno de los principales problemas, desde el punto de vista geodésico y topográfico, el cual tiene unas características tales que todos los textos de topografía de precisión aconsejan evitar. Con estas redes se va guiando la tuneladora y en ningún momento dicha red vuelve a tener comprobación sobre otros puntos de control. A medida que la red va avanzando, las precisiones obtenidas de sus coordenadas van empeorando de forma exponencial. Este trabajo establece una metodología para el diseño de redes planimétricas interiores.

Estimation of the Block Adjustment Error in UAV Photogrammetric Flights in Flat Areas

“…The study in [44] also shows that for the best results in planimetry, the GCP must be located at the corners of the study area, and to improve the accuracy in the vertical component, it is necessary to use a well-distributed GCPs density between 0.5-1 GCP/ha; however, the GCPs must be located at the edges of the block, as the points measured in the centre do not produce any significant improvement in the adjustment, as evidenced in the study. The research of [43,44] conclude that to improve the vertical and horizontal accuracy, it is advisable to use the GCPs at the ends of the block, as can also be deduced from this research. However, other studies with UAVs [14,16] demonstrate that a higher number of images affects the accuracy of the photogrammetric survey.…”

“…Subsequently, the vectors previously obtained in the network were combined with their complete variance-covariance matrices using Microsearch GeoLab software. This allows the estimation of the whole set of coordinates of the network points on the ETRS89 system, with an independent weighting strategy based on the quality of the vectors following the methodology used in high-precision networks [43,44].…”

Robotics Navigation System for Mapping Underground Hydraulic Networks

“…The TORT is a conventional static reference method between points and axes based on laser and topographic triangulation; it does not require GPS support, and in short lengths, it does not need geodetic correction. In the field, this method can be carried out with mechanical-optical tools under static collimation conditions (visibility between the references) [13,14]. The TORT procedure is slow compared to some lidar systems but achieves adjustable regulatory accuracy.…”