Metropolitan residential segregation and very preterm birth among African American and Mexican-origin women

Britton, Marcus L.; Shin, Heeju

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.08.039

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Specifically, African-Americans in communities with higher levels of racial segregation experience a diverse set of negative health outcomes, such as higher rates of preterm births (Britton and Shin 2013); infant-mortality (LaVeist 1993), lung cancer (Hayanga et al 2013), hypertension (Kershaw et al 2011), and all-cause morbidity (Collins and Williams 1999). In addition, there is evidence that non-Hispanic whites also have worse health outcomes in more segregated communities (Morello-Frosch and Jesdale 2006;Collins and Williams 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

By all measures: an examination of the relationship between segregation and health risk from air pollution

Ard

2016

Popul Environ

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A great deal of evidence suggests that African-Americans in more racially segregated communities are at a higher risk for a variety of health problems. Scholars have argued that these health inequalities might be explained by racial differences in exposure to air toxins. However, there are a number of ways to measure segregation, each representing different pathways of exposure. There has yet to be a systematic evaluation of how exposure to air toxins varies by these different measures, making it difficult to begin to theorize about the causal story linking segregation, pollution and health. This paper addresses this gap by examining how the health risk from industrial toxins varies by the 19 most commonly used segregation measures. Results show that, with the exception of two segregation measures, living in metro areas with relatively higher segregation levels, is associated with significantly greater health risk from industrial air toxins for all racial groups. Moreover, African-Americans in more segregated metro areas typically experience an added risk of exposure compared to non-Hispanic whites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

By all measures: an examination of the relationship between segregation and health risk from air pollution

Ard

2016

Popul Environ

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“…Racial health disparities are manifestations of structural and institutional racism; these external factors underlie and reinforce these disparities. Many sociologists have focused on the impacts of racial residential segregation on health (Anderson and Fullerton 2014;Bell et al 2006;Britton and Shin 2013;Chang 2006;Debbink and Bader 2011;Lee 2009;Nelson 2013;Schulz et al 2002;Subramanian, Acevedo-Garcia, and Osypuk 2004;Williams and Collins 2001;Williams and Sternthal 2010, among others). I similarly focus on segregation as a specific spatial manifestation of structural and institutional racism to assess its health implications.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evenness, the most commonly used measure, is the "degree to which racial/ethnic groups are overrepresented or underrepresented across neighborhoods," and is measured using a dissimilarity index. These five dimensions are defined and operationalized differently, and scholars have proposed that each may have a distinct relationship with health (Bell et al 2006;Britton and Shin 2013).…”

Section: Defining Racial Residential Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

There's No Place Like Home? Understanding the Relationship Between Racial Residential Segregation and Self-Reported Health

Gramaglia¹

2017

Preprint

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How does context influence health? County racial composition and racial residential segregation shape health outcomes by creating different contexts that influence access to health-related resources. White Americans disproportionately possess these material and intangible resources. Therefore, I propose that the higher the percent of non-Hispanic white residents in U.S. counties, and the higher the racial residential segregation in U.S. counties, the lower the percent of adult residents who report poor or fair health in U.S. counties. To explore these hypotheses, I analyze 2014 demographic and survey data from 2946 U.S. counties. Findings provide mixed support for my hypotheses. Percent white has a significant inverse relationship with county self-reported health. Controlling for median household income, access to health insurance and primary care physicians, and rurality, the higher the percent of white residents, the lower the percent of residents reporting poor or fair health in U.S. counties. However, the dissimilarity index has no significant relationship with the dependent variable. In both models, control variables of median household income, access to health insurance and primary care physicians, and rurality are significantly linked to self-reported health. These results suggest that the control and distribution of material (economic and political) and intangible (social and cultural) resources is key to predicting health outcomes. The concentration of resources in white communities is a critical aspect of maintaining structures of institutional racism. Changing the control and distribution of these resources will be key to overcoming widespread racial health disparities and other pervasive forms of structural racial inequality.

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“…There are numerous studies looking into specific determinants of health beyond the biological, which exemplify this point. For example, residential segregation amongst African American and Mexican-origin women has been shown to be associated with preterm birth (Britton & Shin, 2013). Gendered intra-household bargaining, that is, to say how gender effects the everyday decision-making and negotiations of members of a household unit, has been found to be a social determinant of child health and nutrition (Richards et al, 2013).…”

Section: Gender Mainstreaming In Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

The paradoxes of gender mainstreaming in developing countries: The case of health care in Papua New Guinea

Lamprell

Greenfield

Braithwaite

2014

Global Public Health

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Gender mainstreaming developed as the global strategy for gender equality nearly two decades ago. Since then it has faced criticism for its technocratic application, and its role in the de-politicisation and neutralisation of the women's movement in gender policy-making. In the health sector, this incongruity is exacerbated by a traditional bio-medical approach to women's issues. In this paper, we ask whether gender mainstreaming can be made to work in the health sectors of developing countries where these challenges, as well as women's poor health status, are further complicated by a raft of local traditional, cultural, political and socioeconomic barriers. To answer these questions, we present a case study of Papua New Guinea (PNG), one of the world's most disadvantaged and politically challenging countries. We review data on women's health in PNG and analyse PNG's aspirational and actual performance on gender mainstreaming, looking at: international commitments; political will and capacity; national policies and programmes; and the women's movement along with civil society's participation. We find numerous paradoxes between the aims of gender mainstreaming and the necessary conditions for its success.

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Metropolitan residential segregation and very preterm birth among African American and Mexican-origin women

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

By all measures: an examination of the relationship between segregation and health risk from air pollution

By all measures: an examination of the relationship between segregation and health risk from air pollution

There's No Place Like Home? Understanding the Relationship Between Racial Residential Segregation and Self-Reported Health

The paradoxes of gender mainstreaming in developing countries: The case of health care in Papua New Guinea

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