Mewaspadai Pembajakan Operasi Perdamaian: Telaah Kritis Intervensi Asing dalam Konflik Libya

Abstract

This study seeks to explore the hidden challenges to the mission/operation of peace (peace operation/mission). Ideally, as envisioned by the perspective of liberal peace, humanitarian mission should be carried out purely on the basis of values of humanism in order to address the humanitarian crisis phenomenon. However, this assumption has weaknesses because it is ignorant of potential piracy against peace operations in which the latter are just cover for the implementation of the vested interests of the actors involved in the mission. Piracy against peace operations is essentially a new form of "civilizing mission", the strategy used by colonialist countries in order to give legitimacy to their rule in the colonies. The essence of the "civilizing mission" strategy is to show the invaders as a helper of the colonized countries. This study would like to explore how piracy against these peace operations occur in the context of Libya (2011). A number of foreign countries such as the United States are involved in peace operations in Libya, with the primary mission to implement a no-fly zone and protection of human security. This study includes a discussion of the vested interests behind the peace mission, the discourse used by the actors mission to wrap their vested interests as purely based on humanism, and the impact of of this strategy to the conduct of peace operations in general.

The Role of the Humanitarian Action International Committee for the Red Cross (Icrc) in the 2011 Libya Revolution

“…Muammar Gaddafi nationalized all businesses and determined that all economic activities were under state control. In 2006, there was a demonstration against hanging a human rights activist in Libya (Akbar, 2015). However, Libya's turmoil again subsided because the authoritarian policies imposed by Muammar Gaddafi were seen as commonplace.…”

“…Muammar Gaddafi's party garnered support from his loyal followers, including Libyan Prime Minister Baghdadi al-Mahmudi. He also brought mercenaries from Niger and Chad to bombard alleged traitors (Akbar, 2015).…”

“…Opposition groups managed to seize Tripoli from Gaddafi's loyalist group at the end of August 2011. The war spread to Sirte, Gaddafi's birthplace, suspected as Gaddafi's hiding place (Akbar, 2015).…”

“…The battle between opposition groups and Gaddafi's loyalists for nine months (February to October 2011) was won by the opposition group led by the National Transitional Council of Libya (NTC). The end of the war in Libya was followed by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) decision to stop all military operations by the end of October 2011 (Akbar, 2015).…”

“…The death toll was approximately 10,000 -40,000 people, where most of the victims killed were civilians, including women, the elderly, and children. The war also resulted in refugees to countries around Libya, such as Tunisia and Egypt (Akbar, 2015).…”