Mhc class II diversity and balancing selection in greater prairie-chickens

Eimes, John A.; Bollmer, Jennifer L.; Dunn, Peter O.; Whittingham, Linda A.; Wimpee, Charles F.

doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9417-4

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…There was no sequence length polymorphism within Centrocercus (all sequences were 255 bp). For MHC class II, we used a forward primer (Blex2F) developed for greater prairie chicken (Eimes et al, 2010) and a reverse primer (RNA R1a) developed for black grouse (Tetrao tetrix, Strand et al, 2007), which amplified a 237-bp fragment of the 270-bp exon 2. PCR protocols are described elsewhere (see Bateson et al, 2014 for class I, see Eimes et al, 2010 for class II).…”

Section: Amplification and 454 Pyrosequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For MHC class II, we used a forward primer (Blex2F) developed for greater prairie chicken (Eimes et al, 2010) and a reverse primer (RNA R1a) developed for black grouse (Tetrao tetrix, Strand et al, 2007), which amplified a 237-bp fragment of the 270-bp exon 2. PCR protocols are described elsewhere (see Bateson et al, 2014 for class I, see Eimes et al, 2010 for class II). We used 454 pyrosequencing for genotyping both MHC class I and class II in all individuals, except for nine C. minimus that were part of an initial set that was cloned and sequenced to test the primers (see Bateson et al, 2014 for cloning methods).…”

Section: Amplification and 454 Pyrosequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…True alleles were identified in several steps. First, we extracted sequence variants of expected exon sizes for MHC class I (255, 258, 261 bp; Bateson et al, 2014) and class II (237 bp; Eimes et al, 2010). We also extracted amplicons that showed minor sequence variation (1-3 bp) from a high copy number variant of the expected size (putative true allele).…”

Section: Mhc Allele Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The algorithm used to identify PCR-derived chimeras from true recombinants included two criteria: (i) PCR-derived chimeras should always co-occur with both parental sequences in the same amplicon, whereas true recombinants may or may not co-occur with one or both parental sequences; (ii) PCR-derived chimeras should generally be less abundant than true alleles (following Zagalska-Neubauer et al, 2010). Identification of true alleles was confirmed by their alignment with previously published greater prairie chicken alleles (Eimes et al, 2010(Eimes et al, ,2011(Eimes et al, , 2013 in a neighbour-joining tree using Geneious v7.1.7 (http://www.geneious.com, Kearse et al, 2012).…”

Section: Mhc Allele Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contrasting evolutionary histories of MHC class I and class II loci in grouse—effects of selection and gene conversion

et al. 2016

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Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encode receptor molecules that are responsible for recognition of intracellular and extracellular pathogens (class I and class II genes, respectively) in vertebrates. Given the different roles of class I and II MHC genes, one might expect the strength of selection to differ between these two classes. Different selective pressures may also promote different rates of gene conversion at each class. Despite these predictions, surprisingly few studies have looked at differences between class I and II genes in terms of both selection and gene conversion. Here, we investigated the molecular evolution of MHC class I and II genes in five closely related species of prairie grouse (Centrocercus and Tympanuchus) that possess one class I and two class II loci. We found striking differences in the strength of balancing selection acting on MHC class I versus class II genes. More than half of the putative antigen-binding sites (ABS) of class II were under positive or episodic diversifying selection, compared with only 10% at class I. We also found that gene conversion had a stronger role in shaping the evolution of MHC class II than class I. Overall, the combination of strong positive (balancing) selection and frequent gene conversion has maintained higher diversity of MHC class II than class I in prairie grouse. This is one of the first studies clearly demonstrating that macroevolutionary mechanisms can act differently on genes involved in the immune response against intracellular and extracellular pathogens.

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Section: Amplification and 454 Pyrosequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amplification and 454 Pyrosequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mhc Allele Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mhc Allele Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Contrasting evolutionary histories of MHC class I and class II loci in grouse—effects of selection and gene conversion

et al. 2016

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“…Three major types of mechanisms can explain the evolution and maintenance of allelic polymorphism in MHC genes within vertebrate populations (Hedrick, 2002;Aguilar and Garza, 2007). There are several lines of evidence that polymorphic MHC loci are subject to balancing selection (see review in Hughes and Yeager, 1998a;Ekblom et al, 2010;Eimes et al, 2010;Karaiskou et al, 2010), and the pressure exerted by pathogens and parasites is considered to be a major component of balancing selection, influencing MHC polymorphism (Hedrick, 1998(Hedrick, , 2002Stear et al, 2005). None of the other selection pressures were proposed for the maintenance of MHC polymorphism (see review in Apanius et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelic polymorphism, gene duplication and balancing selection of the MHC class II DAB gene of Cynoglossus semilaevis (Cynoglossidae)

Tj¹,

Yn²,

Rx³

2011

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes play an important role in the immune response of vertebrates. Allelic polymorphism and evolutionary mechanism of MHC genes have been investigated in many mammals, but much less is known in teleosts. We examined the polymorphism, gene duplication and balancing selection of the MHC class II DAB gene of the half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis); 23 alleles were found in this species. Gene duplication manifested as three to six distinct sequences at each domain in the same individuals. Non-synonymous substitutions occurred at a significantly higher frequency than synonymous substitutions in the PBR domain, suggesting balancing selection for maintaining polymorphisms at the MHC II DAB locus. Many positive selection sites were found to act very intensely on antigen-binding sites of MHC class II DAB gene.

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Greater prairie chickens have a compact MHC-B with a single class IA locus

et al. 2012

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a central role in innate and adaptive immunity, but relatively little is known about the evolution of the number and arrangement of MHC genes in birds. Insights into the evolution of the MHC in birds can be gained by comparing the genetic architecture of the MHC between closely related species. We used a fosmid DNA library to sequence a 60.9-kb region of the MHC of the greater prairie chicken (Tympanuchus cupido), one of five species of Galliformes with a physically mapped MHC. Greater prairie chickens have the smallest core MHC yet observed in any bird species, and major changes are observed in the number and arrangement of MHC loci. In particular, the greater prairie chicken differs from other Galliformes in the deletion of an important class I antigen binding gene. Analysis of the remaining class IA gene in a population of greater prairie chickens in Wisconsin, USA revealed little evidence for selection at the region responsible for antigen binding.

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Mhc class II diversity and balancing selection in greater prairie-chickens

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Contrasting evolutionary histories of MHC class I and class II loci in grouse—effects of selection and gene conversion

Contrasting evolutionary histories of MHC class I and class II loci in grouse—effects of selection and gene conversion

Allelic polymorphism, gene duplication and balancing selection of the MHC class II DAB gene of Cynoglossus semilaevis (Cynoglossidae)

Greater prairie chickens have a compact MHC-B with a single class IA locus

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