Mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior conserve more fat despite increased exercise

Hiramatsu, Layla; Garland, Theodore

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.04.010

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With regard to the exercise-induced weight change, the large amount of variation seen in the response, ranging from weight gain to weight loss, is consistent with what has been observed in mice as well as humans (Hiramatsu & Garland, 2018;Kelly et al, 2014;King et al, 2017;Pickering & Kiely, 2019;Solomon, 2018;Stephens & Sparks, 2015;Vellers et al, 2018). The fact that female flies show a clear correlation between the amount of exercise performed and the exercise-induced weight change is a promising result, that will require further study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

GWAS reveal a role for the central nervous system in regulating weight and weight change in response to exercise

Watanabe

Riddle

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body size and weight show considerable variation both within and between species. This variation is controlled in part by genetics, but also strongly influenced by environmental factors including diet and the level of activity experienced by the individual. Due to the increasing obesity epidemic in much of the world, there is considerable interest in the genetic factors that control body weight and how weight changes in response to exercise treatments. Here, we use GWAS in Drosophila to identify the molecular pathways that control weight and exercise-induced weight changes. We find that there is a complex set of molecular pathways controlling weight, with many genes linked to the central nervous system (CNS). Weight was strongly impacted by animal size and body composition. While the CNS appears to be important for weight and exercise-induced weight change, signaling pathways are particularly important for determining how exercise impacts weight.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

GWAS reveal a role for the central nervous system in regulating weight and weight change in response to exercise

Watanabe

Riddle

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The findings that mice of both genotypes maintain their total and fat mass and tend to gain lean mass are consistent with previous studies. 37,38 Wild-type and Srf KO mice have approximately 2 g of fat, as expected for mice. 39 The increase in lean mass in Srf KO mice could account for the significant increase in force displayed by these animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The average daily distances run by WT and Srf KO mice in our study were 5.54 km and 5.68 km per day, respectively, within a previously reported range of 4.2-6.5 km/day. 37,38 Trained WT and KO mice showed a significant improvement in maximum speed, a significant increase of V̇O 2 peak and a higher ratio of V̇O 2 peak to lean mass following exercise training compared to non-active mice. This result is in agreement with Lightfoot et al who demonstrated that lineage variations in mice may influence responses in aerobic power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Srf KO and wild-type mice similarly adapt to endurance exercise

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physical exercise has important effects as secondary prevention or intervention against several diseases. Endurance exercise induces local and global effects, resulting in skeletal muscle adaptations to aerobic activity and contributes to an amelioration of muscle performance. Furthermore, it prevents muscle loss. Serum response factor (Srf) is a transcription factor of pivotal importance for muscle tissues and animal models of Srf genetic deletion/over-expression are widely used to study Srf role in muscle homeostasis, physiology and pathology. A global characterisation of exercise adaptation in the absence of Srf has not been reported. We measured body composition, muscle force, running speed, energy expenditure and metabolism in WT and inducible skeletal muscle-specific Srf KO mice, following three weeks of voluntary exercise by wheel running. We found a major improvement in the aerobic capacity and muscle function in WT mice following exercise, as expected, and no major differences were observed in Srf KO mice as compared to WT mice, following exercise. Taken together, these observations suggest that Srf is not required for an early (within 3 weeks) adaptation to spontaneous exercise and that Srf KO mice behave similarly to the WT in terms of spontaneous physical activity and the resulting adaptive responses. Therefore, Srf KO mice can be used in functional muscle studies, without the results being affected by the lack of Srf. Since lack of Srf induces premature sarcopenia, our observations suggest that the modifications due to the absence of Srf take time to occur and that young, Srf KO mice behave similarly to WT in aerobic physical activities.

show abstract

“…Sorl1 codes for a sorting receptor that has been associated with various neural and metabolic diseases (Schmidt et al 2017). Although some of the associated phenotypes, such as obesity, may have some correlation to phenotypic differences between HR and C mice, such as difference in body fat (Swallow et al 2001;Vaanholt et al 2008;Hiramatsu and Garland 2018), this does not directly answer the question of how Sorl1 influences running behavior. Mouse knockouts in this gene have not shown changes in running gait (Rohe 2008), whereas differences in gait do exist between HR and C mice (Claghorn et al 2017).…”

Section: Consistent Regions From Multiple Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hippocampus has been linked to the regulation of speed during locomotor behavior in both mice and rats by theta (Li et al 2012;Fuhrmann et al 2015;Sheremet et al 2019), gamma (Chen et al 2011;Ahmed and Mehta 2012), and delta oscillations (Furtunato et al 2020). Notably, the difference in daily running distance between HR and control lines is attributable mainly to an increase in average (and maximum) running speed, rather than the duration of running, especially in females (e.g., see Garland et al 2011a;Claghorn et al 2016Claghorn et al , 2017Copes et al 2018;Hiramatsu and Garland 2018). Another consideration is the impact of physical activity on neurogenesis in the hippocampus (Rhodes et al 2003b;Clark et al 2010; Rendeiro and Rhodes 2018), which, perhaps, could create a sort of feedback loop relating to running speed.…”

Section: Targeted Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Basis of Aerobically Supported Voluntary Exercise: Results from a Selection Experiment with House Mice

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The biological basis of exercise behavior is increasingly relevant for maintaining healthy lifestyles. Various quantitative genetic studies and selection experiments have conclusively demonstrated substantial heritability for exercise behavior in both humans and laboratory rodents. In the "High Runner" selection experiment, 4 replicate lines of Mus domesticus were bred for high voluntary wheel running (HR), along with 4 non-selected control (C) lines. After 61 generations, the genomes of 79 mice (9-10 from each line) were fully sequenced and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. We used nested ANOVA with MIVQUE estimation and other approaches to compare allele frequencies between the HR and C lines for both SNPs and haplotypes. Approximately 61 genomic regions, across all somatic chromosomes, showed evidence of differentiation. Twelve of these regions were differentiated by all methods of analysis. Gene function was inferred largely using Panther gene ontology terms and KO phenotypes associated with genes of interest. Some of the differentiated genes are known to be associated with behavior/motivational systems and/or athletic ability, including Sorl1, Dach1, and Cdh10. Sorl1 is a sorting protein associated with cholinergic neuron morphology, vascular wound healing, and metabolism. Dach1 is associated with limb bud development and neural differentiation. Cdh10 is a calcium ion binding protein associated with phrenic neurons. Overall, these results indicate that selective breeding for high voluntary exercise has resulted in changes in allele frequencies for multiple genes associated with both motivation and ability for endurance exercise, providing candidate genes that may explain phenotypic changes observed in previous studies.

show abstract

Mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior conserve more fat despite increased exercise

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

GWAS reveal a role for the central nervous system in regulating weight and weight change in response to exercise

GWAS reveal a role for the central nervous system in regulating weight and weight change in response to exercise

Srf KO and wild-type mice similarly adapt to endurance exercise

Genetic Basis of Aerobically Supported Voluntary Exercise: Results from a Selection Experiment with House Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About