Micro and nanoscale phenomenon in bioheat transfer

Bischof, John C.

doi:10.1007/s00231-006-0138-2

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Several reviews are available on the engineering aspects of cryopreservation and cryosurgery [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] along with specific discussions related to heat transfer solution techniques [7] [8] [9] [10]. The central engineering tasks associated with these applications are related to being able to measure or calculate the heat (and mass) transfer during freezing-induced phase change in biosystems and then correlating the observed transport phenomena with the biological outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of biomaterial thermal property measurements in the cryogenic regime and their use for prediction of equilibrium and non-equilibrium freezing applications in cryobiology

Choi

Bischof

2010

Cryobiology

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It is well accepted in Cryobiology that the temperature history and cooling rates experienced in biomaterials during freezing procedures correlate strongly with biological outcome. Therefore, heat transfer measurement and prediction in the cryogenic regime is central to the field. Although direct measurement of heat transfer can be performed, accuracy is usually achieved only for local measurements within a given system and cannot be readily generalized to another system without the aid of predictive models. The accuracy of these models rely upon thermal properties which are known to be highly dependent on temperature, and in the case of significant cryoprotectant loading, also on crystallized fraction. In this work we review the available thermal properties of biomaterials in the cryogenic regime. The review shows a lack of properties for many biomaterials in the subzero temperature domain, and especially for systems with cryoprotective agents. Unfortunately, use of values from the limited data available (usually only down to −40 °C) lead to an underestimation of thermal property change (i.e. conductivity rise and specific heat drop due to ice crystallization) with lower temperatures. Conversely, use of surrogate values based solely on ice thermal properties lead to an overestimation of thermal property change for most biomaterials. Additionally, recent work extending the range of available thermal properties to −150 °C has shown that the thermal conductivity will drop in both PBS and tissue (liver) due to amorphous/ glassy phases (vs. ice) of biomaterials with the addition of cryoprotective additives such as glycerol. Thus, we investigated the implications of using approximated or constant property values versus measured temperature-dependent values for predicting heat transfer in PBS (phosphate buffered saline) and porcine liver with and without cryoprotectants (glycerol). Using measured property values (thermal conductivity, specific heat, and latent heat of phase change) of porcine liver, a standard was created which showed that values based on surrogate ice properties underpredicted cooling times, while constant properties (i.e. based on limited data reported near the freezing point) over-predicted cooling times. Additionally, a new iterative numerical method that accommodates non-equilibrium cooling effects as a function of time and position (i.e. crystallization vs. amorphous phase) was used to predict heat transfer in glycerol loaded systems. Results indicate that in addition to the increase in cooling times due to the lowering of thermal © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Correspondence to: John C. Bischof. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors ma...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of biomaterial thermal property measurements in the cryogenic regime and their use for prediction of equilibrium and non-equilibrium freezing applications in cryobiology

Choi

Bischof

2010

Cryobiology

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“…cold denaturation ;Privalov 1990) changes at the molecular level. These changes could cause variation of lipid organization and fluidity inside the cells (Crowe et al 1989), and thus the damage to mammalian cell membranes (Bischof 2006). With increased cooling rate (approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that mathematical models can be used to correlate thermophysical phenomena and biological outcomes to optimize experimental methods (Bischof 2006;Song et al 2009). In this paper, we review methods used to model cryopreservation with a focus on mathematical formulation used during numerical analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-scale heat and mass transfer modelling of cell and tissue cryopreservation

Moon

Zhang

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Cells and tissues undergo complex physical processes during cryopreservation. Understanding the underlying physical phenomena is critical to improve current cryopreservation methods and to develop new techniques. Here, we describe multiscale approaches for modelling cell and tissue cryopreservation including heat transfer at macroscale level, crystallization, cell volume change and mass transport across cell membranes at microscale level. These multi-scale approaches allow us to study cell and tissue cryopreservation.

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“…As with hyperthermic injury, cryothermic injury has been investigated at the molecular, cellular and tissue (both in vitro and in vivo ) levels [142-144]. At the molecular level, alterations in both lipid and proteins in response to cryogenic temperatures have been observed [195-197].…”

Section: Biological Effect Of Abnormal Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermostability of Biological Systems: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Quantification

He¹

2011

TOBEJ

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This review examines the fundamentals and challenges in engineering/understanding the thermostability of biological systems over a wide temperature range (from the cryogenic to hyperthermic regimen). Applications of the bio-thermostability engineering to either destroy unwanted or stabilize useful biologicals for the treatment of diseases in modern medicine are first introduced. Studies on the biological responses to cryogenic and hyperthermic temperatures for the various applications are reviewed to understand the mechanism of thermal (both cryo and hyperthermic) injury and its quantification at the molecular, cellular and tissue/organ levels. Methods for quantifying the thermophysical processes of the various applications are then summarized accounting for the effect of blood perfusion, metabolism, water transport across cell plasma membrane, and phase transition (both equilibrium and non-equilibrium such as ice formation and glass transition) of water. The review concludes with a summary of the status quo and future perspectives in engineering the thermostability of biological systems.

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Micro and nanoscale phenomenon in bioheat transfer

Cited by 21 publications

References 78 publications

Review of biomaterial thermal property measurements in the cryogenic regime and their use for prediction of equilibrium and non-equilibrium freezing applications in cryobiology

Review of biomaterial thermal property measurements in the cryogenic regime and their use for prediction of equilibrium and non-equilibrium freezing applications in cryobiology

Multi-scale heat and mass transfer modelling of cell and tissue cryopreservation

Thermostability of Biological Systems: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Quantification

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