Micro-nondestructive detection of the moisture and ion of rice seeds during germination under salt stress

Abstract

Salt stress is one of the major stress factors limiting rice productivity. Its damaging effects include water deficit due to osmotic stress, and ionic toxicity caused by ionic stress. It is very important to study the salt-tolerance mechanism of rice under salt stress, in order to improve the salt-tolerance capacity of rice and thereby increase the yield. In this experiment, the low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF NMR) technique and the traditional dry-weight weighing method, the non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT) and the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) were applied to analyze the distribution of water and the flow of K + and Na + of rice seeds during germination under NaCl stress. The results suggested that for all different NaCl concentrations, as germination hours grew, the amplitude of NMR signals of the bound water that of the free water and the total amplitude all increased gradually. And the higher the NaCl concentration is, the weaker the increase trend is. In addition, the moisture content of the seeds and the total amplitude of NMR signals were positively correlated. The regression equation was y =191.53x +1463.6, the correlation coefficient was R=0.9823, and the determination coefficient was R 2 =0.9650. By this regression equation, the moisture content of each state of water during seed germination can be calculated. When without NaCl stress, the rice seeds absorbed K + in the germination process. However, when under NaCl stress at different concentrations, K + efflux was detected. The contents of K + and K + /Na + were lower than that under the control condition. The higher NaCl concentration is, the lower the K + and K + /Na + contents are. These results are in consistence with the K + and Na + contents detected by the inductively coupled technique. These empirical data offer a reference for the study of rice-seeds' response mechanism under salt stress during germination and the screening of germplasm resources, and also put forward a new method of biopsy micro-nondestructive test for plants under stress.

Determining the effects of LFHV-PEF treatment on the water distribution and vigor of aged rice seeds using LF-NMR

“…Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) technology can test samples rapidly, accurately, and non-destructively [22][23][24] , and can analyze the internal water phase, distribution characteristics, and flow characteristics of samples at a submicroscopic level [25][26][27] . Thus, it can reveal the internal water state and patterns of change during the germination of crop seeds [28,29] .…”

Effects of urea-N and CO2 coupling fertilization on the growth, photosynthesis, yield and anthocyanin content of hydroponic purple cabbage Brassica campestris ssp. Chinensis

“…Mahlangu et al [10] found 120 mg/L N in nutrient solution could get the largest fresh weight of lettuce crown. Moreover, Chinese cabbage and lettuce were considered to grow best in nutrient solutions with an N concentration of 112 mg/L [11] . However, excessive N application will cause many negative effects [12,13] .…”

Drying curve simulation and LF-NMR online monitor of water state in ursolic acid loaded chitosan nanoparticles during microwave freeze drying

“…Knowledge of water state change of materials during drying is important for prediction of dehydration. Low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), an excellent noninvasive tool, is an advantageous choice for analyzing dynamic water states of product during drying with high sensitivity and short detection time [17] . The change in relaxation time in LF-NMR was used to explain the water mobility and distribution inside the sample from a microscopic point of view.…”