Micro-PIV investigation of the internal flow transitions inside droplets traveling in a rectangular microchannel

Liu, Zhaomiao; Zhang, Longxiang; Pang, Yan; Wang, Xiang; Li, Mengqi

doi:10.1007/s10404-017-2019-z

Cited by 40 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The tracer particles used for flow visualization were 1 µm diameter polystyrene fluorescent microspheres that were coated in a red dye with an excitation wavelength of 532 nm. The size and dosage of the tracer particles were determined based on our previous researches (Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2019) and preexperiments in order to ensure the measurement accuracy. The numerical aperture of the objective lens was 0.4, and the magnification was 10 ×.…”

Section: Micro-piv Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The digital camera was used to acquire the bright and flow field images in single and dual frame modes, respectively, at a frequency of 6.1 Hz. The time interval between the two images in the dual frame mode was set according to different flow conditions from 50 to 3,000 µs (Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2019). The fluorescence signal was analyzed with a standard cross-correlation algorithm implemented in commercial PIV software.…”

Section: Micro-piv Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro-Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Flow Fields of SonoVue Microbubbles Mediated by Ultrasound and Their Relationship With Delivery

Zou

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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The flow fields generated by the acoustic behavior of microbubbles can significantly increase cell permeability. This facilitates the cellular uptake of external molecules in a process known as ultrasound-mediated drug delivery. To promote its clinical translation, this study investigated the relationships among the ultrasound parameters, acoustic behavior of microbubbles, flow fields, and delivery results. SonoVue microbubbles were activated by 1 MHz pulsed ultrasound with 100 Hz pulse repetition frequency, 1:5 duty cycle, and 0.20/0.35/0.70 MPa peak rarefactional pressure. Micro-particle image velocimetry was used to detect the microbubble behavior and the resulting flow fields. Then HeLa human cervical cancer cells were treated with the same conditions for 2, 4, 10, 30, and 60 s, respectively. Fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide were used to quantitate the rates of sonoporated cells with a flow cytometer. The results indicate that (1) microbubbles exhibited different behavior in ultrasound fields of different peak rarefactional pressures. At peak rarefactional pressures of 0.20 and 0.35 MPa, the dispersed microbubbles clumped together into clusters, and the clusters showed no apparent movement. At a peak rarefactional pressure of 0.70 MPa, the microbubbles were partially broken, and the remainders underwent clustering and coalescence to form bubble clusters that exhibited translational oscillation. (2) The flow fields were unsteady before the unification of the microbubbles. After that, the flow fields showed a clear pattern. (3) The delivery efficiency improved with the shear stress of the flow fields increased. Before the formation of the microbubble/bubble cluster, the maximum shear stresses of the 0.20, 0.35, and 0.70 MPa groups were 56.0, 87.5 and 406.4 mPa, respectively, and the rates of the reversibly sonoporated cells were 2.4% ± 0.4%, 5.5% ± 1.3%, and 16.6% ± 0.2%. After the cluster formation, the maximum shear stresses of the three groups were 9.1, 8.7, and 71.7 mPa, respectively. The former two could not mediate sonoporation, whereas the Frontiers in Pharmacology | www.frontiersin.org last one could. These findings demonstrate the critical role of flow fields in ultrasoundmediated drug delivery and contribute to its clinical applications.

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Section: Micro-piv Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Micro-piv Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Flow Fields of SonoVue Microbubbles Mediated by Ultrasound and Their Relationship With Delivery

Zou

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…A good comprehension of the three-dimensional (3D) velocity distribution and its derived quantities, e.g., the shear rate magnitude and distribution, is important for optimal process design. The interaction of advection and diffusion influences the efficiency of multiphase processes, while the resilience of educt or product against shear forces limits the applicable velocity gradients (Liu et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

µPIV measurement of the 3D velocity distribution of Taylor droplets moving in a square horizontal channel

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a µPIV measurement of the 3D2C velocity distribution of Taylor droplets moving in a square horizontal microchannel at Ca c = 0.005 and Re c = 0.051. We reconstruct the third velocity component and present an accuracy assessment of the reconstruction based on a volume flow balance of the 3D3C velocity field. The velocity field allows the investigation of the 3D flow features such as stagnation regions and the shear rate distribution. The maximum shear rate is located at the entrances and exits of the wall films and at the corner flow (gutter) bypassing the Taylor droplet. The regions of high strain correspond to the cap positions of the Taylor droplets. An experimental data set allows visualization of the streamlines of the velocity distribution on the interface of a Taylor droplet and to directly relate it to the main and secondary vortices of the droplet phase velocity field. The measurement data are provided as a digital resource for the validation of numerical simulation or further assessment.

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“…Recently, the viscosity ratio of both flow phases = d c is reported to influence the local hydrodynamics of microscopic Taylor droplets (Rao and Wong 2018). However, the available measurements are limited to a narrow parameter range without refractive index matching (Kovalev et al 2018;Liu et al 2017). We suggest four combinations of well-quantified double-binary mixtures for the disperse phase as well as the continuous phase.…”

Section: Camentioning

confidence: 88%

“…avoiding curved surfaces and using corrective optics. The curved interfaces (interfacial areas) of microscopic liquid-liquid flows themselves are commonly counteracted applying refractive index matching (RIM) with one degree of freedom (Miessner et al 2008;Ma et al 2014;Liu et al 2017). A broad overview of possible liquid-liquid, as well as solid-liquid refractive index matching possibilities, is given in the works of Budwig (1994) and Wright et al (2017).…”

Section: Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive index matching (RIM) using double-binary liquid–liquid mixtures

et al. 2020

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For using microscopic multiphase flows in microreactors, an exact understanding of the underlying hydrodynamic interrelations is key for successful reactor layout and reaction control. To examine the local hydrodynamic behavior, non-invasive optical measurements techniques like particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) or micro particle image velocimetry (µPIV) are the methods of choice, since they provide precise velocity measurement with excellent spatial resolution. Such optical approaches require refractive index matching (RIM) of the involved flow phases to prevent optical distortion due to light refraction and reflection at the interfaces. Established RIM approaches often provide a single degree of freedom, which is sufficient to solely match the refractive index (RI) of the flow phases. Using these approaches, the material properties (Oh number) are fixed and the relevant dimensionless numbers (Ca, Re) may only be altered hydrodynamically or geometrically. To avoid expansive geometric scaling of the microchannels, we propose an approach using two binary mixtures (doublebinary mixtures) to introduce an additional degree of freedom. The approach allows examining liquid-liquid two-phase flows at a distinct velocity while being able to change the material properties (Oh number). Thus, Ca and Re can be chosen individually and the proposed RIM-approach provides undisturbed optical access. Furthermore, we present four different binary mixtures, which allow to vary the viscosity ratio of the phases. The relevant material parameters are successfully correlated to measurement data, which delivers a system of equations that determines the mass fractions and the velocities to address Re and Ca individually. A proof-of-principle for the proposed double-binary mixture RIM-approach is successfully established using µPIV raw images.

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Micro-PIV investigation of the internal flow transitions inside droplets traveling in a rectangular microchannel

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Micro-Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Flow Fields of SonoVue Microbubbles Mediated by Ultrasound and Their Relationship With Delivery

Micro-Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Flow Fields of SonoVue Microbubbles Mediated by Ultrasound and Their Relationship With Delivery

µPIV measurement of the 3D velocity distribution of Taylor droplets moving in a square horizontal channel

Refractive index matching (RIM) using double-binary liquid–liquid mixtures

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