Micro-PIV Measurements in Micro-Tubes and Proboscis of Mosquito

Abstract

Effects of the relative size of a particle to the diameter of a micro-tube on velocity profiles obtained by the micro-PIV measurement of the flow through the micro-tube were investigated to achieve the accuracy of measurements of the flow in a proboscis of a mosquito. The velocity profiles obtained for different diameter-ratios of a fluorescent particle and fused silica micro-tube were compared with the exact solution of the velocity profile of flow through a circular pipe at a low Reynolds number. A suitable diameter-ratio was found to be less than 0.04. The velocity profile of flow through the proboscis of a mosquito measured by using the suitable micro-PIV method satisfying the above condition was found to be different from the exact solution of the circular-pipe flow near the center of the proboscis. The velocity profile in the proboscis was similar to that of a rectangular cross section which was verified by a SEM observation.

Effect of fluid viscosity on the liquid-feeding flow phenomena of a female mosquito

“…A micro-PIV velocity field measurement technique was employed to measure the variation in the streamwise velocity of blood flow in the food canal of a mosquito (Kikuchi and Mochizuki, 2008;Lee et al, 2009). The micro-PIV system consists of a vertical microscope (Eclipse 80i, Nikon, Nishiohi, Tokyo, Japan), a continuous Nd:YAG laser (λ=532nm) as a light source, a high-speed CMOS camera (Photron ultima APX, Fujimi, Tokyo, Japan) and a PC for data processing and control.…”

“…The consecutive images were cross-correlated to calculate the centerline velocity. The optical aberration in particle images due to the mismatch in refractive indices has little influence on the velocity measurements because the wall thickness of the food canal is only a few micrometers (Kikuchi and Mochizuki, 2008) and only the narrow center region is cropped to estimate the centerline velocity. To enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in the correlation planes, the mean intensity of the surrounding region was subtracted from the intensity distribution of each interrogation region.…”

“…In this research, we assumed that the food canal has a circular cross-section because it is difficult to measure the exact shape of the cross-section. However, the food canal actually has a non-circular cross-section, and therefore the results will be slightly different from the real values (Kikuchi and Mochizuki, 2008). Stroke volume of a mosquito can be estimated either by dividing the average intake flow rate by the pumping frequency or by integrating the intake flow rate over one pumping cycle.…”

“…The blood-sucking mechanism of female mosquitoes has recently been investigated experimentally. Kikuchi and Mochizuki visualized the flow in the proboscis of a mosquito using micro-particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV) (Kikuchi and Mochizuki, 2008). Lee and colleagues studied the transport of blood sucked into the food canal of female mosquitoes using a micro-PIV velocity field measurement technique (Lee et al, 2009).…”

Hemodynamics in the Microcirculation and in Microfluidics

“…111,157 In a microtube flow, the ratio of the internal diameter of the circular channel and the diameter of the tracer particles should be less than 0.01 for precise accuracy of the Hagen-Poiseuille flow, with the particle volume ratio being 0.2%. 74 Using these values, the velocity errors are less than 7% near the circular channel wall for microtube diameters of 25, 50, and 100 lm.…”