Micro-RNAs in thyroid neoplasms: molecular, diagnostic and therapeutic implications

Menon, Madhu P.; Khan, Ashraf

doi:10.1136/jcp.2008.063909

Cited by 47 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…It has been reported that the deregulation of miRNAs is involved in numerous cancers, including thyroid tumors (Mattie et al, 2006;Murakami et al, 2006;Chin et al, 2011). For example, five miRNAs (miR-146, -221, -222, -155, and -181a) were up-regulated in human PTCs as compared with normal human tissues (Menon and Khan, 2009); four miRNAs (miR-192, -197, -328, and -346) were overexpressed in the FTC as compared with the follicular adenoma (FA) (Weber et al, 2006); and significant decreases of miR-30d, -125b, -26a, and -30a-5p were detected in ATCs in comparison to normal thyroid tissues (Visone et al, 2007). Thus, different tumor types have different miRNA expressions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors

Yuan

Yang

Zheng

2014

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3' non-coding regions of target mRNAs, resulting in their cleavage or blocking their translation. miRNAs may have an impact on cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, and their deregulation can be inclined to diseases and cancers, including thyroid tumors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing findings of deregulated miRNAs in different types of thyroid tumors and to exhibit their potential target genes, especially to demonstrate those involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, new findings of circulating miRNA expression profiles, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in thyroid tumors, and the correlation of somatic mutations with deregulated miRNA expression in thyroid tumors were all included in this review.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors

Yuan

Yang

Zheng

2014

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…However, only sporadic studies have so far focused on the association between miR deregulation and thyroid cancer prognosis and therapy [40,55,56,57,58,59]. …”

Section: Prognostic Mirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathobiology of MicroRNAs and Their Emerging Role in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration

2015

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Objective: MicroRNAs (miRs) are noncoding, single-stranded regulatory RNA molecules involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. They control the development and maintenance of the diverse cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, motility and apoptosis. Expression of miRs is tissue-specific and each alteration of the tissue miR profile is associated with a distinct disease status. Study Design: We reviewed the literature on the expression of miRs in thyroid tumors, focusing on methodology and diagnostic and prognostic output. Separately, we analyzed 11 studies on miR profiles in thyroid cytological material. Results: Numerous studies have evaluated the miR profiles of thyroid tumors in an attempt to find a possible diagnostic and prognostic role. Both downregulation and upregulation of numerous miRs was found, but differences between the surgical pathology specimens and corresponding fine-needle aspirates in the expression of the same miRs were also reported. Conclusions: The results from surgically resected material cannot be extrapolated into preoperative use without validation. For diagnostic use, the strong overlap between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma miR profiles is challenging. In summary, miR-221 and miR-222 are consistently upregulated in different types of thyroid carcinomas and might be used as markers of malignancy.

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“…Several lines of evidence indicate that aberrant miR expression profiles are able to separate thyroid cancers from benign thyroid lesions and normal thyroid tissue, suggesting that miRs may have potential use as a diagnostic tool in thyroid pathology (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). We had previously used microarray expression profiling to characterize deregulation of miR expression in fresh snap-frozen PTC samples and identified a panel of miRs upregulated in PTCs, including miR-146b, -221, and -222 (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA Signature in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Applied to “Atypia of Undetermined Significance” Cases

Shen

Liyanarachchi

et al. 2012

Thyroid

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Background: MicroRNA (miR) expression signatures are proposed to be able to differentiate thyroid cancer from benign thyroid lesions. We selected eight miRs (miR-146b, -221, -187, -197, -346, -30d, -138, and -302c) to examine the potential use of miRs to supplement diagnostic cytology in cases designated as ''atypia of undetermined significance.'' Methods: miR expression was measured in thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimens by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Gene expression analyses and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were performed in a training sample set (n = 60) to obtain a classification rule to predict FNA cases as benign or malignant. The predictions were cross-validated by comparing with the corresponding histological diagnoses. A validation sample set (n = 68) was further tested with the established four-miR LDA classification rule. Results: A set of four miRs (miR-146b, -221, -187, and -30d) was identified that could differentiate malignant from benign lesions. A four-miR LDA classification rule was obtained and used to predict FNA cases as benign or malignant. For the training sample set, we obtained a diagnostic accuracy of 93.3%, sensitivity of 93.2%, specificity of 93.8%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.98, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.83. For the validation sample set, we obtained a diagnostic accuracy of 85.3%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 78.3%, PPV of 0.89, and NPV of 0.78. For the 30 atypia cases in the validation sample set, we obtained a diagnostic accuracy of 73.3%, sensitivity of 63.6%, specificity of 78.9%, PPV of 0.64, and NPV of 0.79. Based on the miR predictions, we classified the atypia cases predicted as ''malignant'' into ''high risk'' and those predicted as ''benign'' into ''low risk'' categories. While thyroid carcinomas, particularly papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), were relatively enriched in the high-risk category, this particular miR panel is subject to inaccurate results in follicular neoplasias in atypia cases. Conclusions: We demonstrate that miR amplification from FNA samples is feasible and that the particular four miR profile in this study can identify PTCs. However, further refinement is required for application to FNA cytology of ''atypia of undetermined significance'' cases due to low accuracy in classifying follicular neoplasias.

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Micro-RNAs in thyroid neoplasms: molecular, diagnostic and therapeutic implications

Cited by 47 publications

References 84 publications

Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors

Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors

Pathobiology of MicroRNAs and Their Emerging Role in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration

MicroRNA Signature in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Applied to “Atypia of Undetermined Significance” Cases

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