Micro versus macro solid phase extraction for monitoring water contaminants: A preliminary study using trihalomethanes

Alexandrou, Lydon D.; Spencer, Michelle J. S.; Morrison, Paul D.; Meehan, Barry; Jones, Oliver A.H.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.057

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The bamboo charcoal-based SPE demonstrated low LODs (0.01-1.15 ng/L) and good repeatability and reproducibility (5.3-8.0%, n = 3). Micro-SPE (µSPE) is an alternative technique that allows for the use of smaller sorbent particle sizes (<5 µm) when operating under high pressure, requiring a reduced volume of sample extraction and an increased extraction efficiency [56]. Recently, Lockwood et al [29] used µSPE cartridges packed with mixed-mode C18:aminopropyl silica (APS) phase to analyze 13 long-and short-chain PFASs in surface waters and demonstrated similar result to conventional SPEs while reducing the sample volume and preparation time to 2 mL and 5 min, respectively [29].…”

Section: Current Methods For the Analysis Of Per-and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances (Pfass) In Environmental Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of PFAS-Detecting Sensors and Future Direction: A Review

et al. 2020

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Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have recently been labeled as toxic constituents that exist in many aqueous environments. However, traditional methods used to determine the level of PFASs are often not appropriate for continuous environmental monitoring and management. Based on the current state of research, PFAS-detecting sensors have surfaced as a promising method of determination. These sensors are an innovative solution with characteristics that allow for in situ, low-cost, and easy-to-use capabilities. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent developments in PFAS-detecting sensors, and why the literature on determination methods has shifted in this direction compared to the traditional methods used. PFAS-detecting sensors discussed herein are primarily categorized in terms of the detection mechanism used. The topics covered also include the current limitations, as well as insight on the future direction of PFAS analyses. This paper is expected to be useful for the smart sensing technology development of PFAS detection methods and the associated environmental management best practices in smart cities of the future.

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Section: Current Methods For the Analysis Of Per-and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances (Pfass) In Environmental Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of PFAS-Detecting Sensors and Future Direction: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…The analysis of THMs is commonplace for drinking water to ensure compliance with these regulatory limits, and there are a number of standardised methodologies used for their analysis [6]. The more common analytical methods include direct aqueous injections, extraction techniques such as liquid–liquid extraction [12,13] and solid-phase extraction [14], solid-phase micro-extractions [15], dynamic headspace techniques (purge and trap) [16] and other headspace techniques [4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for the Fast Analysis of Trihalomethanes in Tap and Recycled Waters Using Headspace Gas Chromatography with Micro-Electron Capture Detection

Alexandrou

Meehan

Morrison

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Chemical disinfection of water supplies brings significant public health benefits by reducing microbial contamination. The process can however, result in the formation of toxic compounds through interactions between disinfectants and organic material in the source water. These new compounds are termed disinfection by-products (DBPs). The most common are the trihalomethanes (THMs) such as trichloromethane (chloroform), dichlorobromomethane, chlorodibromomethane and tribromomethane (bromoform); these are commonly reported as a single value for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs). Analysis of DBPs is commonly performed via time- and solvent-intensive sample preparation techniques such as liquid–liquid and solid phase extraction. In this study, a method using headspace gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detection was developed and applied for the analysis of THMs in drinking and recycled waters from across Melbourne (Victoria, Australia). The method allowed almost complete removal of the sample preparation step whilst maintaining trace level detection limits (>1 ppb). All drinking water samples had TTHM concentrations below the Australian regulatory limit of 250 µg/L but some were above the U.S. EPA limit of 60 µg/L. The highest TTHM concentration was 67.2 µg/L and lowest 22.9 µg/L. For recycled water, samples taken directly from treatment plants held significantly higher concentrations (153.2 µg/L TTHM) compared to samples from final use locations (4.9–9.3 µg/L).

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“…It contains a micro one-way valve, patented in 2015 by E.F. Dawes, P.A. Dawes, R. Cerra, and A. Minett [100]. is MET is all contained in a unique cartridge, without the need for additional fittings or tubes.…”

Section: Exhaustive Microextraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques and Related Automation: A Review of Commercially Available Technologies

Dugheri

Mucci

Cappelli

et al. 2022

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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The solid-phase microextraction (SPME), invented by Pawliszyn in 1989, today has a renewed and growing use and interest in the scientific community with fourteen techniques currently available on the market. The miniaturization of traditional sample preparation devices fulfills the new request of an environmental friendly analytical chemistry. The recent upswing of these solid-phase microextraction technologies has brought new availability and range of robotic automation. The microextraction solutions propose today on the market can cover a wide variety of analytical fields and applications. This review reports on the state-of-the-art innovative solid-phase microextraction techniques, especially those used for chromatographic separation and mass-spectrometric detection, given the recent improvements in availability and range of automation techniques. The progressively implemented solid-phase microextraction techniques and related automated commercially available devices are classified and described to offer a valuable tool to summarize their potential combinations to face all the laboratories requirements in terms of analytical applications, robustness, sensitivity, and throughput.

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Micro versus macro solid phase extraction for monitoring water contaminants: A preliminary study using trihalomethanes

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Recent Developments of PFAS-Detecting Sensors and Future Direction: A Review

Recent Developments of PFAS-Detecting Sensors and Future Direction: A Review

A New Method for the Fast Analysis of Trihalomethanes in Tap and Recycled Waters Using Headspace Gas Chromatography with Micro-Electron Capture Detection

Advanced Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques and Related Automation: A Review of Commercially Available Technologies

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