Microarray expression profiling and functional characterization of AtTPS genes: Duplicated Arabidopsis thaliana sesquiterpene synthase genes At4g13280 and At4g13300 encode root-specific and wound-inducible (Z)-γ-bisabolene synthases

Rational Conversion of Substrate and Product Specificity in a Salvia Monoterpene Synthase: Structural Insights into the Evolution of Terpene Synthase Function

“…Analysis of the Arabidopsis genes indicates that these are the result of several cycles of gene duplication and mutagenesis (Aubourg et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2004;Ro et al, 2006). Consistent with the demands of a changing environment, terpene biosynthesis has to adapt rapidly by drastic alterations in the terpenoid profile produced.…”

“…Evidence supporting the rapid evolution of terpene synthases comes from genomic information now available for model plants. Analysis of the Arabidopsis terpene synthase gene family, which contains >30 different members, clearly indicates rapid divergence of catalytic activities and tissue-specific expression patterns resulting from cycles of gene duplication and multiple mutations (Aubourg et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2004;Ro et al, 2006).…”

Variation of Herbivore-Induced Volatile Terpenes among Arabidopsis Ecotypes Depends on Allelic Differences and Subcellular Targeting of Two Terpene Synthases, TPS02 and TPS03

“…Based on their close proximity and similarity in gene structure and sequence, TPS02 and TPS03 are most likely the result of tandem gene duplication. Several other TPS genes are arranged as tandem pairs in the Arabidopsis genome, such as identical gene copies of the rootexpressed 1,8-cineole synthase AtTPS-Cin (TPS23 and TPS27; Chen et al, 2004) and the (Z)-g-bisabolene synthases TPS12 and TPS13 (Ro et al, 2006). Rapid radiation of genes by duplication and sequence divergence is common within the plant TPS superfamily and other gene families of plant specialized metabolism (Pichersky and Gang, 2000;Kliebenstein et al, 2001;Kö llner et al, 2004) and is thought to contribute to generating the diversity of metabolites that function in plant-organism interactions (van der Hoeven et al The Ws and Col-0 accessions each maintain only one functional allele at the TPS02 and TPS03 locus, whose recombinant proteins exhibit both (E)-b-ocimene and (E,E)-a-farnesene synthase activities.…”

Mechanisms of plant defense against insect herbivores

“…129 CDPKs a monoterpene volatile, which is toxic and repellent to some insects. 110 Sesquiterpene (E)-β-caryophyllene produced by maize roots in response to feeding by the larvae of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte attracts the nematode Heterorhabditis megidis Poinar. 111 However, root emitted volatiles such as 1,8-Cineole inhibits the growth of Brassica campestris seedlings due to the inhibition cell proliferation more severely than cell elongation because root growth requires both elongation and proliferation of the constituent cells, 112 and also due to the interference with nuclear as well as organelle DNA synthesis in root apical meristem and alteration in root phospholipids and sterol composition.…”