Microbial changes in periodontitis successfully treated by mechanical plaque removal and systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole

Valenza, Giuseppe; Veihelmann, Simone; Peplies, Jörg; Tichy, Diana; Roldan-Pareja, Maria del Carmen; Schlagenhauf, Ulrich; Vogel, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2009.03.001

Cited by 30 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, in the experimental group P. gingivalis and T. forsythia were also suppressed to virtual absence, thereby corroborating our NGS data. Our observed bacterial community shifts are in accordance with Valenza et al [35], who did a longitudinal capillary sequencing rDNA cloning study and reported that two months after treatment with SRP plus amoxicillin and metronidazole, disease associated genera were suppressed (e.g. Treponema , Porphyromonas , Filifactor , Tannerella ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Bacterial Community Shift in Treated Periodontitis Patients Revealed by Ion Torrent 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

et al. 2012

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Periodontitis, one of the most common diseases in the world, is caused by a mixture of pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory host responses and often treated by antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP). Our study aims to elucidate explorative and descriptive temporal shifts in bacterial communities between patients treated by SRP alone versus SRP plus antibiotics. This is the first metagenomic study using an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). Eight subgingival plaque samples from four patients with chronic periodontitis, taken before and two months after intervention were analyzed. Amplicons from the V6 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene were generated and sequenced each on a 314 chip. Sequencing reads were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs, 3% distance), described by community metrics, and taxonomically classified. Reads ranging from 599,933 to 650,416 per sample were clustered into 1,648 to 2,659 non-singleton OTUs, respectively. Increased diversity (Shannon and Simpson) in all samples after therapy was observed regardless of the treatment type whereas richness (ACE) showed no correlation. Taxonomic analysis revealed different microbial shifts between both therapy approaches at all taxonomic levels. Most remarkably, the genera Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema, and Filifactor all harboring periodontal pathogenic species were removed almost only in the group treated with SPR and antibiotics. For the species T. forsythia and P. gingivalis results were corroborated by real-time PCR analysis. In the future, hypothesis free metagenomic analysis could be the key in understanding polymicrobial diseases and be used for therapy monitoring. Therefore, as read length continues to increase and cost to decrease, rapid benchtop sequencers like the PGM might finally be used in routine diagnostic.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Bacterial Community Shift in Treated Periodontitis Patients Revealed by Ion Torrent 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

et al. 2012

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“…However, there was a time lapse between periodontal examination and sample collection, and it was possible that P. gingivalis clones were replaced during that interval; still, the chances for such clonal change may be low because it is reported that P. gingivalis showed high clonal stability (Valenza et al, 2009; Van Winkelhoff, Rijnsburger & Van Der Velden, 2008). In addition, we would like to note that most similar studies have the same problems which are inherent to this type of clinical research, because generally the treatment for chronic periodontitis takes a long time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofPorphyromonas gingivalis fimAandmfa1fimbrial genotypes in subgingival plaques

Nagano

Hasegawa

Iijima

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundStrains of periodontal disease-associated bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis have different pathogenicity, which can be attributed to clonal genetic diversity. P. gingivalis typically expresses two types of fimbriae, FimA and Mfa1, which comprise six (I, Ib, II, III, IV, and V) and two (mfa53 and mfa70) genotypes, respectively. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of the two fimbrial genotypes of P. gingivalis in clinical specimens.MethodsSubgingival plaques were collected from 100 participants during periodontal maintenance therapy and examined for P. gingivalis fimbrial genotypes by direct polymerase chain reaction and/or DNA sequencing. We also analyzed the relationship between fimbrial genotypes and clinical parameters of periodontitis recorded at the first medical examination.ResultsBoth fimbrial types could be detected in 63 out of 100 samples; among them, fimA genotype II was found in 33 samples (52.4%), in which the mfa70 genotype was 1.75 times more prevalent than mfa53. The total detection rate of fimA genotypes I and Ib was 38.1%; in these samples, the two mfa1 genotypes were observed at a comparable frequency. In two samples positive for fimA III (3.2%), only mfa53 was detected, whereas in four samples positive for fimA IV (6.3%), the two mfa1 genotypes were equally represented, and none of fimA V-positive samples defined the mfa1 genotype. No associations were found between clinical parameters and fimbrial subtype combinations.DiscussionBoth P. gingivalis fimbrial types were detected at various ratios in subgingival plaques, and a tendency for fimA and mfa1 genotype combinations was observed. However, there was no association between P. gingivalis fimbrial genotypes and periodontitis severity.

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“…P. gingivalis was one of the periodontal pathogens in the antimicrobial test because it is also the major pathogen among anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria involved in periodontitis (55,56). Antimicrobial activity of microparticles of PLGA containing chlorhexidine/cyclodextrin complexation was performed with P. gingivalis (57).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Antimicrobial Agent Loaded Eudragit RS Solvent Exchange-Induced In Situ Forming Gels for Periodontitis Treatment

et al. 2016

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Eudragit RS (ERS), a quaternary polyacrylate positively charged polymer, exhibits a very low permeability and swells in aqueous media independently of pH without dissolving. Owing to its high solubility in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), it was interesting to apply as polymer matrix for solvent-exchanged in situ forming gel. The aim of this research was to prepare in situ forming gels from ERS to deliver the antimicrobial agents (doxycycline hyclate, metronidazole, and benzoyl peroxide) for periodontitis treatment. They were evaluated for viscosity and rheology, gel formation, syringeability, drug release, and antimicrobial activities. The solvent exchange between NMP and an external aqueous simulated gingival crevicular fluid stimulated the dissolved ERS transforming into the opaque rigid gel. Antimicrobial agent loaded ERS systems exhibited Newtonian flow with acceptable syringeability. The higher-loaded ERS promoted the more prolongation of drug release because of the retardation of water diffusion into the precipitated matrix. Antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis depended on type of drugs and test microorganisms. Doxycycline hyclate loaded ERS systems showed these activities greater than the others; however, all of them could inhibit all test microorganisms. Thus, the solvent exchange-induced in situ forming gels comprising ERS-antimicrobial drugs exhibited potential use as localized delivery systems for periodontitis treatment.

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Microbial changes in periodontitis successfully treated by mechanical plaque removal and systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole

Cited by 30 publications

References 64 publications

Bacterial Community Shift in Treated Periodontitis Patients Revealed by Ion Torrent 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

Bacterial Community Shift in Treated Periodontitis Patients Revealed by Ion Torrent 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing

Distribution ofPorphyromonas gingivalis fimAandmfa1fimbrial genotypes in subgingival plaques

Characterization of Antimicrobial Agent Loaded Eudragit RS Solvent Exchange-Induced In Situ Forming Gels for Periodontitis Treatment

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