Microbial colonization in orthodontic mini-implants

Abstract

Peri-implant inflammation contributes for loss of secondary stability of orthodontic mini-implants. The investigation of microbial colonization in this area would benefit its control, and consequently favor the long-term success of mini-implants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the establishment and the evolution of microbial colonization process in orthodontic mini-implants for 3 months, since the time of their installation. One-hundred and fifty samples collected from 15 mini-implants were investigated from baseline up to 3 months. The biological material was obtained from peri-implant area using paper points. Nonspecific, Streptococcus spp, Lactobacillus casei and Candida spp colonizations were analyzed by cell growth methods. Porphyromonas gingivalis colonization was observed by 16S rDNA-directed polymerase chain reaction. Data from cell growth were submitted to the Wilcoxon sign rank test and results from molecular analysis were presented in a descriptive way. There was no significant difference in the microbial colonization among the examined time intervals, except for Streptococcus spp, between baseline and 24 h, which characterized the initial colonization in this time interval. Lactobacillus casei and Candida spp colonizations were insignificant. No Porphyromonas gingivalis was detected among the analyzed samples. The microbial colonization of mini-implants did not significantly change during the study. However, it should be monitored by orthodontists, since it is an important factor for mini-implants success.

Bacterial biofilm on successful and failed orthodontic mini‐implants—a scanning electron microscopy study

“…Despite the relevance of the subject, few studies have attempted to establish a relationship between presence of microorganisms and failure of orthodontic mini‐implants (Apel et al, ; Freitas et al, ; Tortamano et al, ). In the present study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the presence of microorganisms on the surface of successful (stable) and failed (unstable) mini‐implants.…”

RANK/RANKL/OPG gene polymorphisms and loss of orthodontic mini‐implants

“…The success rate of MIs depends on factors such as type, diameter and length of the MIs, orthodontic mechanics, dentist's ability, host bone thickness, oral hygiene, presence of soft tissue inflammation and genetic factors …”

Antimicrobial properties and dental pulp stem cell cytotoxicity using carboxymethyl cellulose-silver nanoparticles deposited on titanium plates

“…The placement of a mini-implant is simple, but contamination by microorganisms can cause plaque formation and peri-implantitis which can result in epithelial infiltration, bleeding on probing, suppuration, bone loss, mobility, and mini-implant failure. [8–11] This failure is associated with the microbial flora traditionally involved in periodontitis, which are Gram-positive facultative anaerobes; however, a lack of oral hygiene can cause an increase in the number of Gram-negative bacteria. [12] The formation of plaque on the mini-implant is related to adhesion of Streptococcus spp which represent over 80% of primary colonizers;[13,14] secondary colonizers include Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis.…”