Microbial community responsible for the decomposition of rice straw in a paddy field: estimation by phospholipid fatty acid analysis

Microbial communities responsible for the decomposition of rice straw compost in a Japanese rice paddy field determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis

“…Therefore, these results suggest that the proportions of Gram-positive and anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria increased during the decomposition of rice straw compost in the flooded paddy field. Nakamura et al (2003) also reported the important role played by these bacteria in the decomposition of rice straw under flooded conditions in paddy fields by PLFA analysis. In contrast, it is likely that the aerobic Gram-negative bacteria and eukaryotes, which colonized the rice straw compost at the curing stage, as reported by Cahyani et al (2002), survived and that their proportions were maintained throughout the period of placement in the flooded paddy field.…”

“…3a). Nakamura et al (2003) reported that iI5:0, ai15:0 and i17:0 PLFAs were most abundant in rice straw incorporated into a flooded paddy field. This indicates that the bacteria with these PLFAs were important for the decomposition of both rice straw and rice straw compost.…”

“…The compost samples during this period still showed a considerable heterogeneity because we observed that some leaf sheaths and blades of rice straw had not yet been fully decomposed. This may have influenced the PLFA contents of the compost samples since leaf blades were decomposed faster than leaf sheaths (Kimura and Tun 1999;Tun and Kimura 2000) and the contents and composition of PLFAs differed between them (Nakamura et al 2003) under flooded conditions.…”

“…We described here the microbial communities responsible for the decomposition of rice straw compost incorporated into a Japanese paddy field under flooded conditions during the cultivation period of paddy rice. We applied PLFA analysis to determine the community structure by comparing the results with those for rice straw decomposition in soil (Nakamura et al 2003) and for the composting process of rice straw (Cahyani et al 2002).…”

Responses of microbial community structure to land-use conversion and fertilization in southern China

“…Agricultural management practices, such as cropping rotation, irrigation, and fertilization are known to have significant effects on microbial community structure in soils [5e9], which thereby influence the overall agroecosystem functions [10e12]. Land-use conversion, such as the conversion of rice paddies to uplands or vice versa, can significantly affect soil microbial communities [13,14]. Bossio et al [15] found that flooded paddy soils had higher abundance of branched fatty acids, lower abundance of monounsaturated fatty acids, and lower abundance of fungi and actinomycetes than upland tomato fields.…”