“…Relationships between the microbial structure and distribution and hydrated methane in deep marine sediments have received worldwide attention. Extensive studies have been conducted to characterize microbial diversity, activity and importance in methane hydrate-bearing subseafloor sediments, such as those in the Cascadia Margin ( Cragg et al, 1995 ; Bidle et al, 1999 ; Lanoil et al, 2001 , 2005 ; Marchesi et al, 2001 ; Mills et al, 2003 , 2005 ; Knittel et al, 2005 ; Inagaki et al, 2006 ; Nunoura et al, 2008 ), Nankai Trough ( Reed et al, 2002 ; Kormas et al, 2003 ; Newberry et al, 2004 ; Mills et al, 2012 ; Katayama et al, 2016 , 2022 ), East Japan Sea ( Yanagawa et al, 2014 ), Andaman Sea ( Briggs et al, 2012 ), Ulleung Basin ( Jeong et al, 2010 ; Lee et al, 2013 ; Ryu et al, 2013 ; Cho et al, 2017 ), Arctic ( Carrier et al, 2020 ) and Shenhu area of the South China Sea ( Liao et al, 2009 ; Lin et al, 2014 ; Jiao et al, 2015 ; Cui et al, 2019 , 2020 ). A few of these studies were performed to compare the microbial communities in marine sediments with or without gas hydrate ( Inagaki et al, 2006 ; Yanagawa et al, 2014 ; Jiao et al, 2015 ; Cui et al, 2020 ).…”