Microbial Decontamination of Onion by Corona Discharge Air Plasma during Cold Storage

Abstract

Corona discharge air plasma (CDAP) is a nonthermal decontamination technology which is generating antimicrobial agents such as photons, electrons, positively and negatively charged ions, atoms, and free radicals. We investigated the effect of a corona discharge under atmospheric pressure on the sterilization of postharvest fungal pathogens on onion. The main antimicrobial reactive substance generated by CDAP was O3. The active species such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitric dioxide (NO2) were nearly detected in this experiment. CDAP treatment revealed different isolation frequencies depending on postharvest pathogens from diseased onions, showing less isolation frequency of Fusarium spp. and Alternaria sp. than that of Botrytis spp. when compared with untreatment onions during 10-month cold storage. CDAP treatment at 2∼2.6 ppm of O3 slightly stimulated the mycelial growth of Alternaria sp., while the treatment at 20∼24 ppm of O3 gradually inhibited mycelial growth by treatment time. However, Botrytis sp. showed different patterns of mycelial growth with CDAP treatment. Less than 4 hours’ treatment of CDAP slightly inhibited the mycelial growth of Botrytis sp., while 8 hours’ treatment of CDAP slightly stimulated the mycelial growth of Botrytis sp. not depending on the concentration of O3. The inhibitory effect of CDAP on the conidial germination of Alternaria sp. and Botrytis sp. was examined with treatment time and intensity of CDAP. The conidial germination of Alternaria sp. treated with CDAP at the concentration of 13.7∼14.4 ppm of O3 was strongly inhibited by time, showing y = 2.66x2 − 85.139x + 4.88 and R2 = 0.98. When the conidia of Alternaria sp. were exposed for 2 hours with varying plasma O3 concentration, the conidial germination was strongly inhibited as the concentration of O3 increases, showing y = −0.09x2 + 6.905x − 0.764 and R2 = 0.95. The conidia of Botrytis sp. also showed similar patterns to CDAP. The inhibitory effect of CDAP on the germination of postharvest pathogens depends on treatment time and O3 concentration.

Role of Non-Thermal Plasma in Fusarium Inactivation and Mycotoxin Decontamination

“…Similar results were obtained by Chang et al [ 46 ] where they tested a different plasma treatment, namely corona discharge air plasma (CDAP), which consists of nitric oxide and nitric dioxide, on the decontaminating microbes on onion. They found that the isolation frequency of Fusarium spp.…”

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Insights into Cold Plasma Treatment on the Cereal and Legume Proteins Modification: Principle, Mechanism, and Application

“…Corona discharge, with its low cost and ease of operation, has been applied in microbial purification, surface treatment, and spore inactivation [49]. This technology has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the quality of agricultural products, including onions [51], tomatoes [52] and kumquat fruits [53]. Additionally, both DC and pulsed corona discharges have shown effectiveness against Streptococci biofilms and B. cereus spores on plastic surfaces [54].…”