Microbial Degradation of PCBs in Contaminated Sediments

Rhee, G‐Yull; Cho, Y-C.; Ostrofsky, Ellen B.

doi:10.1002/rem.3440100106

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…1) and of chloride ions in the microcosms (Table 4). This suggests that PCBs spiked in the sludge microcosms underwent reductive dechlorination with the production of lower chlorinated biphenyls, which can be very often further biodegraded [11,[48][49][50]. The lack of accumulation of PCBs with a CD lower than 5 and of other potential intermediates of PCB biodegradation indicates that such compounds underwent biodegradation under the anaerobic conditions established in the microcosms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation of a highly chlorinated PCB mixture in an activated sludge collected from a Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR) subjected to anaerobic digestion

Bertin

Capodicasa

Fedi

et al. 2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation of a highly chlorinated PCB mixture in an activated sludge collected from a Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR) subjected to anaerobic digestion

Bertin

Capodicasa

Fedi

et al. 2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…12,39,43 However, many researchers report that the removal of chlorine is not substitution-position dependent but rather dechlorination pattern (Process) dependent. 19,20,31,41,44 Therefore, a new approach to classify chlorines with respect to the target chlorine position together with the dechlorination patterns is necessary to assess dechlorination extent in sediments.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One method to estimate dechlorination rate and extent mathematically, chlorine per biphenyl (CPB) has been successfully applied in PCB dechlorination studies. ,− CPB is not dependent on the total PCB concentrations but on the PCB compositions, which makes it useful for comparing PCB dechlorination in different studies. Rhee and colleagues proposed a three phases CPB curve consisting of a flat lag phase, a rapid decrease phase, and a flat plateau phase as the experimental dechlorination limit. However, use of CPB precludes assessment of fully dechlorinated PCBs (biphenyl) because CPB, which is a ratio of total chlorines to the total PCBs, will increase rather than decrease when full dechlorination to biphenyl removes PCB mass .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will lead to an underestimation of dechlorination extent if full dechlorination to biphenyl takes place. In addition, CPB does not identify target chlorine neighboring positions, which may be relevant for PCB degradation extent. ,, However, many researchers report that the removal of chlorine is not substitution-position dependent but rather dechlorination pattern (Process) dependent. ,,,, Therefore, a new approach to classify chlorines with respect to the target chlorine position together with the dechlorination patterns is necessary to assess dechlorination extent in sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial-Catalyzed Reductive Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Hudson and Grasse River Sediment Microcosms: Determination of Dechlorination Preferences and Identification of Rare Ortho Removal Pathways

Gregory

VanBriesen

2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is an important transformation and detoxification route in the environment. To better understand the influence of PCB congener compositions on dechlorination, sediments from two rivers, Hudson and Grasse, and two PCB mixtures (PCB 5/12, 64/71, 105/114, and 149/153/170 in Mixture 1 and PCB 5/12, 64/71, 82/97/99, and 144/170 in Mixture 2) were used for this microcosm study. The Grasse River sediment microcosms exhibited more extensive dechlorination than the Hudson River sediment microcosms. The extent of dechlorination was predominantly controlled by sediment itself, not by the PCB compositions. Rare ortho dechlorination, targeting mono-ortho PCB congeners was observed in Grasse sediment, indicating a potential for full dechlorination of some PCBs in this sediment. The identified ortho dechlorination pathways were PCB 28 (24-4-CB) to PCB 15 (4-4-CB) and PCB 25 (24-3-CB) to PCB 13(3-4-CB). The relative abundances of Dehalococcoides were much higher in both sediments spiked with PCBs. An apparent increase of Dehalococcoides 16S rRNA genes coincided with the commencement of dechlorination. The dechlorination preferences were identified using a modified data analysis approach focusing on chlorine neighboring conditions. In both sediments, the overall dechlorination preferred meta > para > ortho. Specially, ortho-/double-flanked meta-chlorines were primarily targeted followed by single-/double-flanked para-chlorines.

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“…An active phase is indicated by a slope distinctly greater than zero for the decreasing concentration. The information on the current phase of in situ transformation processes is a crucial step in making policy decisions about remediation strategies (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Natural Attenuation via in Situ Reductive Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments of the Twelve Mile Creek Arm of Lake Hartwell, SC

Pakdeesusuk

Lee

Coates

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated sediment cores taken from five locations in Lake Hartwell, SC, with an increasing distance from the point source were evaluated for the presence of in situ reductive dechlorination of PCBs on the basis of a comparative congener-specific analysis of PCB distribution profiles between historical (1987) and current (1998) sediments from the same sites. A layer of 1998 sediment that was equivalent to 1987 sediment was determined by direct comparison of total PCB depth profiles after correction for any sedimentation that occurred at each location since 1987. Natural capping of contaminated sediments with the continued deposition of new sediments was observed in all locations except the one farthest from the source area. The residual PCB congeners accumulated in the field samples did not vary from site to site. Certain PCB congeners (e.g., 236-24 + 34-34, 245-25, and 23-4 CB) decreased with time and with depth along with an increase in lower chlorinated PCB congeners in all sampling locations. A similarity in distribution profiles between dechlorinated PCBs in laboratory microcosms and in the field samples was observed. These results provide supporting evidence that in situ reductive dechlorination has occurred in the Twelve Mile Creek arm of Lake Hartwell. Several sediment layers, particularlythe sites with highest PCB concentration, showed similar PCB distribution profiles between 1987 and 1998. An additional change in chlorine distribution between 1987 and 1998 at most "equivalent" depths was not observed. The ortho- and para-substituted congeners that accumulated during dechlorination of Aroclor 1254 after nearly 1 yr of incubation in the laboratory were the prominent residual products in all field samples. At a few locations and depths, evidence for dechlorination at surprisingly low concentrations (1-5 ppm) was observed. These results confirm that in situ reductive dechlorination of PCBs is operating at a very slow rate and may have been at a plateau since 1987 for certain depths and certain locations.

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Microbial Degradation of PCBs in Contaminated Sediments

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Biotransformation of a highly chlorinated PCB mixture in an activated sludge collected from a Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR) subjected to anaerobic digestion

Biotransformation of a highly chlorinated PCB mixture in an activated sludge collected from a Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR) subjected to anaerobic digestion

Microbial-Catalyzed Reductive Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Hudson and Grasse River Sediment Microcosms: Determination of Dechlorination Preferences and Identification of Rare Ortho Removal Pathways

Assessment of Natural Attenuation via in Situ Reductive Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments of the Twelve Mile Creek Arm of Lake Hartwell, SC

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