Microbial insight into dietary protein source affects intestinal function of pigs with intrauterine growth retardation

Hu, Liang; Hu, Liang; Zhou, Qiang; Xie, Peng; Liu, Yang; Luo, Yuheng; Fang, Zhengfeng; Lin, Yan; Xu, Shengyu; Feng, Bin; Li, Jian; Tang, Jieyuan; Wu, De

doi:10.1007/s00394-019-01910-z

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The abundance of Lactobacillaceae increased 3-fold and that of the genus Lactobacillus increased 5-fold. These observations confirm previous results showing that SDP enhances the frequency of detection of Lactobacillus species in the rat cecum 21 as well as in pig ileum 18 and pig colon 20 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In pigs, SDP stimulates the growth of lactobacilli in the ileum and cecum 18 , and decreases E. coli colonies in the small intestine 19 . Moreover, Che et al 20 have observed, in fecal samples of weaned piglets, that SDP reduces the abundance of Proteobacteria and increases Firmicutes, tripling the population of lactobacilli. In rats, SDP increased the presence of several species of Lactobacillus in the cecum 21 while ovine serum immunoglobulins enriched lactobacilli and depleted enterobacteria 22 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dietary supplementation with spray-dried porcine plasma has prebiotic effects on gut microbiota in mice

Moretó

Miró

Amat

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In animal models of inflammation and in farm animals, dietary inclusion of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDP) reduces mucosal inflammation. Here, we study whether these effects could be mediated by changes in the intestinal microbiota and if these changes are similar to those induced by oral antibiotics. Weaned 21-day-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 groups: the CTL group, fed the control diet; the COL group, administered low doses of neomycin and colistin; and the SDP group, supplemented with 8% SDP. After 14 days, analysis of the fecal microbiome showed that the microbiota profiles induced by SDP and the antibiotics were very different, thus, SDP has prebiotic rather than antibiotic effects. At the phylum level, SDP stimulated the presence of Firmicutes, considerably increasing the lactobacilli population. It also enhanced the growth of species involved in regulatory T-lymphocyte homeostasis and restoration of the mucosal barrier, as well as species negatively correlated with expression of proinflammatory cytokines. At the mucosal level, expression of toll-like receptors Tlr2, Tlr4 and Tlr9, and mucous-related genes Muc2 and Tff3 with regulatory and barrier stability functions, were increased. SDP also increased expression of Il-10 and Tgf-β, as well as markers of macrophages and dendritic cells eventually promoting an immune-tolerant environment. open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:2926 | https://doi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with spray-dried porcine plasma has prebiotic effects on gut microbiota in mice

Moretó

Miró

Amat

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In the current study, VH, VCR and VSA were reduced and CD was increased in both jejunum and ileum of IUGR weaned piglets compared to the NBW weaned piglets, suggesting a decreased ability of intestinal absorption as well as an impaired intestinal integrity in IUGR piglets. These results were consistent with previous studies on IUGR piglets [3,[23][24][25]. Dietary supplementation with DHA enhanced VH, VCR, and VSA and decreased CD in IUGR piglets, indicating that DHA could improve the intestinal morphology.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Alleviates Intestinal Inflammatory Injury Through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) leads to impaired intestinal morphology and function. IUGR infants are at a risk for intestinal inflammatory diseases. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a derivative of artemisinin, which possesses anti-inflammatory activity and immunomodulatory effect. However, little is known about the effects of DHA on IUGR piglets. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate whether dietary DHA supplementation could attenuate intestinal injury in IUGR weaned piglets. Methods: Piglets with normal birth weight or IUGR were fed the basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg DHA from 21 d to 49 days of age. At 49 days of age, eight piglets from each group with nearly similar body weight were sacrificed. The jejunal and ileal samples were collected for further analysis.Results: IUGR impaired intestinal morphology, increased intestinal inflammatory response, raised enterocyte apoptosis and reduced enterocyte proliferation and activated TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway. DHA supplementation improved intestinal morphology, indicated by higher villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio, villus surface area and lower villus width of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). DHA inclusion exhibited higher apoptosis index and the expression of caspase-3, and lower proliferation index and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Diet supplemented with DHA could attenuate intesitnal inflammation, indicated by higher concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides in IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, DHA down-regulated the related mRNA expressions of TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulated mRNA expressions of TLR4 and NODs signaling negative regulators in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Dietary DHA supplementation decreased the protein expressions of toll-like receptors 4, phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) inhibitor α, nuclear pNF-κB, and increased the protein expression of cytoplasmic pNF-κB in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Dietary DHA supplementation may have beneficial effects in improving intestinal morphology, regulating enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and alleviating intestinal inflammation through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway in IUGR weaned piglets.

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“…Concentrations of SCFAs (Acetate, Propionate, Butyrate, Isobutyrate, Valerate and Isovalerate) and sum of them (Total SCFAs) in faecal and plasma samples were determined as previously described [15] with minor modi cations. Brie y, supernatant obtained from faecal suspension (0.7 g faecal matter in 1.5 mL water) or plasma was mixed with 25% metaphosphoric acid and crotonic acid solution (210 mmol/L).…”

Section: Quanti Cation Of Scfas In Faeces and Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Improvement of Parturition Progress by High Intake of Dietary Fibre in Late Gestation is Associated with the Altered Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Sows

Liu¹,

Jiang²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Gestational intake of dietary fibre improves the parturition progress, which largely affects developmental outcomes of the offspring. Dietary fibre can alter the gut microbiome and production of symbiotic metabolites, e.g. short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We hypothesized that the improvement of parturition progress by dietary fibre is associated with the symbiotic metabolites generated by the gut microbiome. Methods: Yorkshire sows were randomly given diet containing normal level of fibre (NDF, 16.2% dietary fibre, n = 20) or high level (HDF, 30.1%, n = 20) with other nutrients identical from days 90 of gestation to parturition. Faecal microbiome profiled with 16S amplicon sequencing, SCFAs and metabolome in the faeces and plasma around parturition were compared between the dietary groups. Correlation analysis was conducted to further explore the potential associations between specific bacterial taxa and metabolites. Results: HDF significantly improved the parturition progress, indicated by the shorter parturition duration. HDF increased abundance of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes and multiple genera. Except for butyrate, SCFAs levels in the faeces and plasma of sows at parturition were increased in HDF group. The abundances of 15 and 12 metabolites in the faeces and plasma, respectively, markedly differ between HDF and NDF sows. These metabolites are involved in the bacterial metabolism of amino acids, bile acids, SCFAs and dietary fibre. Correlation analysis also showed associations between specific taxa (genera Cellulosilytica and Lachnoclostridia) and metabolites (acetate and isobutyrate).Conclusions: The improvement of parturition process by high fibre intake in late gestation is associated with altered gut microbiome, production of SCFAs and other metabolites, potentially serving for energy metabolism.

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Microbial insight into dietary protein source affects intestinal function of pigs with intrauterine growth retardation

Cited by 32 publications

References 73 publications

Dietary supplementation with spray-dried porcine plasma has prebiotic effects on gut microbiota in mice

Dietary supplementation with spray-dried porcine plasma has prebiotic effects on gut microbiota in mice

Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Alleviates Intestinal Inflammatory Injury Through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

The Improvement of Parturition Progress by High Intake of Dietary Fibre in Late Gestation is Associated with the Altered Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Sows

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