Microcystin-LR exposure to adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) leads to growth inhibition and immune dysfunction in F1 offspring, a parental transmission effect of toxicity

Liu, Wanjing; Qiao, Qun; Chen, Yuanyuan; Wu, Kang; Zhang, Xuezhen

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.07.011

Cited by 78 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In fish, only a few studies addressed persistent immunotoxic effects arising from early life exposure, and those were mainly done with long-lived salmonids (Ottinger & Kaattari 2000;Milston et al 2003). With the increasing use of fish embryos in toxicological testing, the topic of developmental immunotoxicology in fish is likely to attract more attention (Liu et al 2014;. Depending on the immune structure or function under consideration, the "sensitive window" is not necessarily restricted to the embryonic stage but may extend into the juvenile stage, as shown for thymus development of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax; .…”

Section: Main Groups Parametersmentioning

confidence: 97%

20 Years of fish immunotoxicology – what we know and where we are

Rehberger

Werner

Hitzfeld

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Despite frequent field observations of impaired immune response and increased disease incidence in contaminant-exposed wildlife populations, immunotoxic effects are rarely considered in ecotoxicological risk assessment. The aim of this study was to review the literature on immunotoxic effects of chemicals in fish to quantitatively evaluate (i) which experimental approaches were used to assess immunotoxic effects, (ii) whether immune markers exist to screen for potential immunotoxic activities of chemicals, and (iii) how predictive those parameters are for adverse alterations of fish immunocompetence and disease resistance. A total of 241 publications on fish immunotoxicity were quantitatively analyzed. The main conclusions included: (i) To date, fish immunotoxicology focused mainly on innate immune responses and immunosuppressive effects. (ii) In numerous studies, the experimental conditions are poorly documented, as for instance age or sex of the fish or the rationale for the selected exposure conditions is often missing. (iii) Although a broad variety of parameters were used to assess immunotoxicity, the rationale for the choice of measured parameters was often not given, remaining unclear how they link to the suspected immunotoxic mode of action of the chemicals. (iv) At the current state of knowledge, it is impossible to identify a set of immune parameters that could reliably screen for immunotoxic potentials of chemicals. (v) Similarly, in fish immunotoxicology there is insufficient understanding of how and when chemical-induced modulations of molecular/cellular immune changes relate to adverse alterations of fish immunocompetence, although this would be crucial to include immunotoxicity in ecotoxicological risk assessment.

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Section: Main Groups Parametersmentioning

confidence: 97%

20 Years of fish immunotoxicology – what we know and where we are

Rehberger

Werner

Hitzfeld

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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show abstract

“…When adult zebrafish were continuously exposed to MC-LR (1, 5, and 20 g/L) for 30 days, the growth (body weight and body length) of the F1 generation at 60 days post fertilization (dpf) was significantly inhibited even though the embryos and larvae were free of MC exposure [143]. Moreover, the transcription of some growth and immunerelated genes and activities of some antioxidant enzymes of whole body fish were also modulated.…”

Section: Trans-generational Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, several studies have confirmed the trans-generational toxicity of MCs in zebrafish [143] and rats [142,144]. When adult zebrafish were continuously exposed to MC-LR (1, 5, and 20 g/L) for 30 days, the growth (body weight and body length) of the F1 generation at 60 days post fertilization (dpf) was significantly inhibited even though the embryos and larvae were free of MC exposure [143].…”

Section: Trans-generational Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the trans-generational toxicity of MCs cannot be only attributed to the transfer of MCs from parents to offspring for the low MCs contents. More surprisingly, Liu et al [143] found that MC-LR exposure in parent zebrafish leads to growth inhibition and immune suppression in F1 offspring even at 60 days post fertilization (dpf) while the embryos and larvae are free of MC exposure. We believe that there are other mechanisms, perhaps epigenetic changes (including DNA methylation), that lead to the trans-generational effects of MCs, which need to be further clarified.…”

Section: Trans-generational Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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309

126

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“…Underlying mechanisms are still unclear but a great deal of data suggested that the involvement of impaired lipid metabolizing enzymes, protein phosphatase, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), imbalanced pro-/anti-inflammatory factors (Bieczynski et al, 2014;Bury et al, 1998;Jaumot and Hancock, 2001;Katsuyama and Morgan, 1993;Li et al, 2012;Vesterkvist and Meriluoto, 2003). Moreover, some studies reported that microcystin exposure could lead to growth inhibition, immune dysfunction and imbalanced neuroendocrine system via the altered expression of related-genes (Lankoff et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2014;Rymuszka, 2013;Yea et al, 2001). Therefore, in case of microalgal blooms, microalgae from four major rivers in Korea was collected and disposed for the purpose of hygiene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%