Microencapsulation of soluble pharmaceuticals

Baveja, S.K.; Kv, Rao; Kumar, Yatendra

doi:10.3109/02652048609049583

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Several microencapsulation techniques have been developed but the appropriateness of the technique depends on the nature of drug and polymer. Among various methods developed for formulation of microspheres, the solvent evaporation method has gained much attention due to its ease of fabrication without compromising the activity of the drug [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Characterisation and Evaluation of Ropinirole Hydrochloride Loaded Controlled Release Microspheres Using Solvent Evaporation Technique

Kar¹,

Pal²,

Bala

2018

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: The major objective of the research work was to design, characterise and evaluate controlled release microspheres of ropinirole hydrochloride by using non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique to facilitate the delivery of the drug at a predetermined rate for a specific period of time.Methods: Ropinirole hydrochloride microspheres were prepared by using different low-density polymers such as eudragit RL 100, eudragit RS 100 and ethylcellulose either alone or in combination with the help of non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique. All the formulated microparticles were subjected to various evaluation parameters such as particle size analysis, micrometric properties, drug entrapment efficiency, percentage drug loading, percentage yield and in vitro drug release study. The compatibility of the drug and polymers was confirmed by physical compatibility study, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction study (XRD). The formation of the most optimized batch of the microsphere (F12) was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC, FTIR, and XRD. In vitro drug release study and in vitro drug release kinetics study of the formulated microspheres were also carried out.Results: Drug-polymer compatibility studies performed with the help of FTIR and DSC indicated that there were no interactions. Results revealed that non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique was a suitable technique for the preparation of microspheres as most of the formulations were discrete, free-flowing and spherical in shape with a good yield of 55.67% to 80.09%, percentage drug loading of 35.52% to 94.50% and percentage drug entrapment efficiency of 36.24% to 95.07%. Different drug-polymer ratios, as well as the combination of polymers, played a significant role in the variation of over-all characteristics of formulations. Based on the data of various evaluation parameters such as particle size analysis, percentage drug loading, percentage drug entrapment, percentage yield, rheological studies and in vitro drug release characteristics, formulation F12 was found to fulfil the criteria of ideal controlled release drug delivery system. F12 showed controlled release till the 14th hour (97.99%) and its in vitro release kinetics was best explained by zero-order kinetics and followed Korsemeyer-Pappas model (Non-Fickian mechanism). SEM of F12 revealed the formation of spherical structures. The FTIR study of F12 confirmed the stable nature of ropinirole in the drug-loaded microspheres. DSC and XRD patterns showed that ropinirole hydrochloride was dispersed at the molecular level in the polymer matrix.Conclusion: The controlled release microparticles were successfully prepared and from this study, it was concluded that the developed microspheres of ropinirole hydrochloride can be used for controlled drug release to improve the bioavailability and patient compliance and to maintain a constant drug level in the blood target tissue by releasing the drug in zero order pattern.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Characterisation and Evaluation of Ropinirole Hydrochloride Loaded Controlled Release Microspheres Using Solvent Evaporation Technique

Kar¹,

Pal²,

Bala

2018

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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“…Various groups of workers have used guar gum as a controlled-release carrier [110][111][112]. Various groups of workers have used guar gum as a controlled-release carrier [110][111][112].…”

Section: H H H Ohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Polymers—A Boon for Drug Delivery

2011

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“…The advantage of these natural polymers is that they are broken down into biologically acceptable molecules that are metabolized and removed from the body via normal metabolic pathways [3,4]. These natural polymers are hydrophilic and are more amenable to physical and chemical modifications using simple processes than the widely used synthetic polymers [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they form microbeads, which have cracked and porous surfaces that can lead to relatively fast diffusion of moisture and other fluids, thus reducing the barrier properties in unfavorable environmental conditions [10]. Blending alginate with natural polymers such as gums and starches is a recent innovation that has been shown to be effective in overcoming many of these limitations by enhancing encapsulation efficiency and drug release properties of microbeads [4,[11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%