Microfabricated Devices for Capillary Electrophoresis−Electrospray Mass Spectrometry

Zhang, B; H, Liu; Bl, Karger; Foret, František

doi:10.1021/ac990090u

Cited by 240 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this way, the emitters are not necessary to be conductive [30]. For example, spray ionization has been induced from materials such as glass [31], PMMA [32], carbon fiber [33], and silica fiber [34], with high voltages applied through solution channels. Capillary-channeled polymer fiber tips were also used for desalting to improve ESI-MS analysis of protein samples [35].…”

Section: Sampling With Various Tipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Properties of Solid-substrate Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Yao

2012

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Abstract. Conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) uses a capillary for sample loading and ionization. Along with the development of ambient ionization techniques, ESI-MS using noncapillary emitters has attracted more interest in recent years. Following our recent report on ESI-MS using wooden tips (Anal. Chem. 83, 8201-8207 (2011)), the technique was further investigated and extended in this study. Our results revealed that the wooden tips could serve as a chromatographic column for separation of sample components. Sequential and exhaustive ionization was observed for proteins and salts on wooden tips with salts ionized sooner and proteins later. Nonconductive materials that contain microchannels/pores could be used as tips for ESI-MS analysis with sample solutions loaded to the sharp-ends only, since rapid diffusion of sample solutions by capillary action would enable the tips to become conductive. Tips of inert materials such as bamboo, fabrics, and sponge could be used for sample loading and ionization, while samples such as tissue, mushroom, and bone could form tips to induce ionization for direct analysis with application of a high voltage.

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Section: Sampling With Various Tipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Properties of Solid-substrate Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Yao

2012

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…The advantages of the chip-based ESI method include fully automated, high throughput, a lack of cross-contamination, enhanced spray stability and reproducibility, and constant sample matrix [2,8,13-16]. In each case, protein spots were analyzed with one broad mass range MS scan followed by MS/MS scans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Segment Direct Inject nano-ESI-LTQ-FT-ICR-MS/MS For Protein Identification

2011

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Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interfaced to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is commonly used for the identification of peptides from proteolytically cleaved proteins embedded in a polyacrylamide gel matrix as well as for metabolomics screening. HPLC separations are time consuming (30-60 min average), costly (columns and mobile phase reagents), and carry the risk of column carry over between samples. The use of a chip-based nano-ESI platform (Advion NanoMate) based on replaceable nano-tips for sample introduction eliminates sample cross-contamination, provides unchanging sample matrix, and enhances spray stability with attendant increases in reproducibility. Recent papers have established direct infusion nano-ESI-MS/MS utilizing the NanoMate for protein identification of gel spots based on full range MS scans with data dependent MS/MS. In a full range scan, discontinuous ion suppression due to sample matrix can impair identification of putative mass features of interest in both the proteomic and metabolomic workflows. In the current study, an extension of an established direct inject nano-ESI-MS/MS method is described that utilizes the mass filtering capability of an ion-trap for ion packet separation into four narrow mass ranges (50 amu overlap) with segment specific dynamic data dependent peak inclusion for MS/MS fragmentation (total acquisition time of 3 minutes). Comparison of this method with a more traditional nanoLC-MS/MS based protocol utilizing solvent/sample stream splitting to achieve nanoflow demonstrated comparable results for protein identification from polyacrylamide gel matrices. The advantages of this method include full automation, lack of cross-contamination, low cost, and high throughput.

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“…For example, chip-based capillary electrophoresis in combination with micro injector for mass spectrometer [7][8][9][10][11] and enormous sample preparation devices for high-throughput mass spectrometry 12 have enabled researchers to perform protein analysis with much smaller amounts than those used in conventional methods.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cell-free Protein Synthesis Using PDMS-based Microreactor Arrays

et al. 2008

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As represented by the recent completion of human genome sequencing, the genome sequences of several species have been, or are about to be, revealed. Although all of their sequential information will eventually become available, it will provide little information related to the function of encoded proteins because we can not predict post-translational events merely from the sequence. The next challenge is therefore to elucidate the functions and physiological roles of every encoded protein that is functioning in living cells under various environmental conditions: so-called "proteomes". 1,2Several methods to analyze proteins have been invented during the history of biotechnology; particularly, biochemical analysis is a very reliable method to determine protein functions. Biochemical assay necessarily imposes limitations in realizing highthroughput biochemical analysis in production of vastly numerous proteins because the current technology of protein production is based on in vivo methods that require time and labor because of their use of bacteria. As an alternative, cellfree protein synthesis is a useful and profitable technique to overcome problems associated with in vivo methods. By introducing cell-free formats, we can control many aspects of cellular functions, which simplifies protein production, especially those of cytotoxic, unstable, and insoluble proteins. [3][4][5][6] Commercially available cell-free systems with embedded thermo-control units have been developed, e.g., the Rapid Translation System (Roche Molecular Biochemicals). However, this system is oriented to produce as much as possible efficiently; it is insufficiently optimized for high-throughput protein analysis, because it is impractical to conduct parallel operation with this system from the viewpoint of space efficiency, automatic operation, and reagent consumption in order to improve the throughput of protein production.Because researches on micro total analysis system (μ-TAS) and lab-on-a-chip have advanced, several applications have emerged at the downstream for production of small amounts of proteins. For example, chip-based capillary electrophoresis in combination with micro injector for mass spectrometer 7-11 and enormous sample preparation devices for high-throughput mass spectrometry 12 have enabled researchers to perform protein analysis with much smaller amounts than those used in conventional methods.Micro-crystallizer for X-ray crystallography and NMR analysis have also been developed for high-throughput crystallization from only small amounts of protein. 13,14 For that reason, large amounts of protein are no longer required anymore for analysis; nevertheless, a persistent problem is how to prepare many kinds of proteins. Miniaturization of a cell-free protein synthesis system has great potential to provide useful platforms to produce many kinds of proteins. Physico-chemical phenomena in micro-sized channels and reaction chambers intrinsically involve a short diffusion length, which engenders rapid thermal conduction and mixing...

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Microfabricated Devices for Capillary Electrophoresis−Electrospray Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 240 publications

References 32 publications

Analytical Properties of Solid-substrate Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Analytical Properties of Solid-substrate Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Multi-Segment Direct Inject nano-ESI-LTQ-FT-ICR-MS/MS For Protein Identification

Evaluation of Cell-free Protein Synthesis Using PDMS-based Microreactor Arrays

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