Microflora in oral ecosystems in subjects with radiation‐induced hyposalivation

Almståhl, Annica; Wikström, M.; Fagerberg-Mohlin, Bodil

doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01416.x

Cited by 79 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast, several studies have reported qualitative changes in oral flora during chemotherapy (23)(24)(25). Although such changes in oral flora are not well understood, the incidence of Candida species seems to increase after chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer (26), a trend also seen in oral flora obtained from immunocompromised hosts (27). In the present study, we found no significant differences in the prevalence of opportunistic microorganisms between the cancer treatment and control groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Prevalence of drug-resistant opportunistic microorganisms in oral cavity after treatment for oral cancer

et al. 2013

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Drug-resistant opportunistic infectionsmay cause health problems in immunocompromised hosts. Representative microorganisms in opportunistic infections of the oral cavity are Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. We investigated the prevalence of drugresistant opportunistic microorganisms in elderly adults receiving follow-up examinations after primary treatment of oral cancer. Oral microorganisms were collected from patients satisfactorily treated for oral cancer (defined as good outcomes to date) and a group of healthy adults (controls). After identification of microorganisms, the prevalence of drug-resistant microorganisms was studied. Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing were also performed for methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA). Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in the prevalences of the three microorganisms between the groups. Surprisingly, 69.2% of S aureus isolates showed oxacillin resistance, suggesting that MRSA colonization is increasing among older Japanese. These MRSA isolates possessed SCCmec types II and IV but no representative toxin genes. Our results indicate that a basic infection control strategy, including standard precautions against MRSA, is important for elderly adults, particularly after treatment for oral cancer. (J Oral Sci 55, [145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155] 2013)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Prevalence of drug-resistant opportunistic microorganisms in oral cavity after treatment for oral cancer

et al. 2013

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“…This phenomenon is cumulative, usually established after 2000 cGy of radiation, accompanying the severity and persistence of xerostomia 17 . However, the use of sodium fluoride in aqueous solutions or gel minimizes the changes of cariogenic cocci populations, constituting a recognized strategy to prevent the rampant caries associated with RT and xerostomia [30][31][32] . Then, the elevations of cariogenic microorganisms in RT might be understood as result of the absence or precariousness of the preventive measures and the poor hygiene conditions of the patients and their deterioration along RT 33,34 .…”

Section: Radiation Caries Oral Streptococci and Mucositismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these pathogens are Gram-negative and with a wide spectrum of virulence, exacerbating the production and release of cytokines and chemokines 16 . Among Gram-negative bacteria, enteric rods of the family Enterobacteriaceae have been implicated in severe mucositis 20,21,50 and the oral carriage of these microorganisms is resilient to antimicrobials commonly used, what needs combined strategies involving improvement of oral hygiene to reduce the presence of enteric rods in the mouth of mucositis patients, particularly in patients presenting severe xerostomia 32,51 . Their presence on the surface of the oral soft tissues could exacerbate the microbial proteolytic activity on the fibronectin and connective tissues, intensifying the mucositis by the induction of inflammation by direct action of LPS and release of interleukins Il-1 and Il-6 23 .…”

Section: Mucositis Oral Bacterial Microbiota Enterobacteriaceae Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RT has been associated with the reduction of the blood supply to the irradiated areas, leading to a significant reduction of local immunity, redox potential of the tissues and delay of the wound repair, creating favorable conditions for the proliferation obligate anaerobes, such as genera Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Treponema 23 , most of them considered putative periodontopathogens. In addition, radiation-induced xerostomia appears to affect the populations of anaerobic bacteria in oral cavity and exacerbate the prevalence and proportions of non-oral opportunistic pathogens, particularly staphylococci, enteric rods and cocci, as well pseudomonads in the oral biofilm from irradiated patients with adequate oral hygiene conditions 19,32,51,52 . However, only Gramnegative anaerobes producing black pigment (Porphyromonas spp.…”

Section: Mucositis Oral Bacterial Microbiota Enterobacteriaceae Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral microbiota and mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy: literature review

Jardim¹,

Cunha-Correia²,

Okamoto³

et al. 2017

Arch Health Invest

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Oral microbiota and mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy: literature review AbstractThe occurrence and severity of mucositis are the main complaints of patients with head and neck cancer submitted to radiotherapy (RT). This condition appears to be associated with changes in the oral microbiota and other side effects of RT, such as xerostomia and candidiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of RT on the oral microbiota and its impact on radioinduced mucositis through literature review. Descriptors were selected for the collection of information in different databases, especially SciELO, BIREME, LILACS and PubMed. It was decided to consider only articles published since 1985. The descriptors radiotherapy, mucositis, dental caries, xerostomia, head and neck neoplasms and health promotion were used. It was selected 91 articles specifically discussing the microbiological aspects of mucositis, dental caries, oral candidiasis and microbial effects on the oral health of cancer patients, and 59 were included in the review. It was observed that microbial contamination is a secondary phenomenon capable of exacerbate the inflammation induced by the interaction of the radiation with the oral tissues, aggravating mucositis mainly in patients who present precarious conditions of oral hygiene, which reinforces the role of preventive dentistry in the follow up of the irradiated patient. Descriptors: Radiotherapy; Mucositis; Dental Caries; Xerostomia; Head And Neck Neoplasms; Health Promotion. ResumoA ocorrência e a severidade da mucosite constituem as principais queixas dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço submetidos à radioterapia (RT). Essa condição parece estar associada às modificações da microbiota bucal e aos demais efeitos colaterais da RT, como xerostomia e a candidíase. O presente trabalho de revisão da literatura teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito que a RT exerce sobre a microbiota bucal e seu impacto na mucosite radioinduzida através de revisão de literatura. Foram selecionados os descritores para a coleta de informações em diferentes bancos de dados, destacando-se SciELO, BIREME, LILACS e PubMed. Decidiu-se considerar apenas artigos publicados desde 1985. Utilizou-se como descritores os termos radioterapia, mucosite, cárie dentária, xerostomia, neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço e promoção da saúde. Foram selecionados 91 artigos que discutiam especificamente os aspectos microbiológicos da mucosite, cárie dentária, candidíase oral e efeitos microbianos na saúde bucal de pacientes oncológicos e 59 foram incluídos na revisão. Observou-se que a contaminação microbiana é fenômeno secundário capaz de agravar a inflamação induzida pela interação da radiação com os tecidos bucais, agravando-se, principalmente, em pacientes que apresentam condições precárias de higiene bucal, o que reforça o papel da odontologia preventiva no acompanhamento do paciente irradiado. Descritores: Radioterapia; Mucosite; Cárie Dentária; Xerostomia; Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço; Promoção da...

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“…Alguns estudos [18][19][20] e os resultados deste estudo indicam que a radioterapia aumenta bactérias entéricas e Candida durante o período imediatamente após a RT. Vários fatores podem contribuir para a colonização oral por estas espécies microbianas, tais como a hipossalivação induzida pela radiação, tabagismo, alcoolismo e presença de prótese [21].…”

Section: Materiais E Métodosunclassified

Microrganismos oportunistas e exógenos na microbiota bucal de pacientes oncológicos submetidos à radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço

Ciesielski¹

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Pela confiança e amizade e por fazer acreditar que a busca do conhecimento é fundamental para o sucesso. Também por mostrar que, apesar das distâncias, existem pessoas que nos amam, independente das suas idades, e que precisam de nós, ainda que não nos falem.A Ricélia Possagno, minha namorada, pela compreensão, amor e apoio A professora Ana Cláudia Okamoto, Por me acolher como parte da equipe da Microbiologia e Imunologia, e por mostrar que o amor e a responsabilidade ao que se faz é necessário no caminho da felicidade. Aos professores Alvimar Lima de Castro e Glauco Issamu MiyaharaPelo acolhimento, incentivo, confiança e amizade. A colega de Mestrado Fátima Regina Nunes SouzaPor possibilitar a continuação de um trabalho de grande valor científico e social. As acadêmicas e estagiárias da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba e Laboratório de Microbiologia e ImunologiaPela inestimável ajuda, amizade e confiança. Aos Professores amigos Rosângela Pironti de Castro, Tito Lúcio Fernandes e William Abib Scheidt,Por terem sido mestres na condução e transmissão do conhecimento Aos amigos do mestrado em Cirurgia Cassiano Pereira e Walter GealhPelo incentivo e pelos momentos de alegria compartilhados. Aos Amigos da Pós-Graduação Antonio Carlos Marqueti e Jorgiana SangalliPor mostrar que, apesar de existirem tempos difíceis em nossas vidas, nunca podemos perder a alegria e que a dedicação e o empenho são fundamentais para o sucesso. Targeted bacteria were cultivated from 77.8% edentulous and 46.9% dentate patients 30 days after RT. By PCR, these microorganisms were detected from all edentulous patients and from 78.1% of dentate patients. Non-oral bacteria and Candida species were prevalent in these patients. Modifications of the oral environment due to RT seem to facilitate the colonization of these microorganisms. Agradecimentos

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Microflora in oral ecosystems in subjects with radiation‐induced hyposalivation

Abstract: The microbial results explain why some RT subjects have an increased susceptibility to oral diseases and stress that site-specific microbial analysis is an important diagnostic tool when planning oral health preventive care for RT subjects.

Cited by 79 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of drug-resistant opportunistic microorganisms in oral cavity after treatment for oral cancer

Prevalence of drug-resistant opportunistic microorganisms in oral cavity after treatment for oral cancer

Oral microbiota and mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy: literature review

Microrganismos oportunistas e exógenos na microbiota bucal de pacientes oncológicos submetidos à radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço

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