“…Also, microwave structures can be readily implemented in the integrated circuits, which have become a favourable platform due to their constantly decreasing cost. As such, microwave sensors have found numerous applications including permittivity sensing [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], strain and displacement sensing [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], detection of biomolecules [ 21 ], glucose monitoring [ 22 , 23 ], dielectric spectroscopy for food quality control [ 24 , 25 ], gas sensing [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], and concentration measurements of liquid solutions [ 29 ].…”