2022
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200239
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Microliter Scale Synthesis of Luciferase‐Encapsulated Polymersomes as Artificial Organelles for Optogenetic Modulation of Cardiomyocyte Beating

Abstract: Constructing artificial systems that effectively replace or supplement natural biological machinery within cells is one of the fundamental challenges underpinning bioengineering. At the sub-cellular scale, artificial organelles (AOs) have significant potential as long-acting biomedical implants, mimicking native organelles by conducting intracellularly compartmentalized enzymatic actions. The potency of these AOs can be heightened when judiciously combined with genetic engineering, producing highly tailorable … Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…This is crucial, since the ability to control membrane transport will be stoichiometrically controlled by the loaded encapsulated enzymatic machinery. Nevertheless, the challenge is exciting since the control of membrane transport mechanisms could enable the generation of systems that modulate living cell behavior, they could coordinate macroscopic self-adaptive materials in sensing applications or as biomaterials, [50,51] and they could be employed as experimental models to understand biological phenomena.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is crucial, since the ability to control membrane transport will be stoichiometrically controlled by the loaded encapsulated enzymatic machinery. Nevertheless, the challenge is exciting since the control of membrane transport mechanisms could enable the generation of systems that modulate living cell behavior, they could coordinate macroscopic self-adaptive materials in sensing applications or as biomaterials, [50,51] and they could be employed as experimental models to understand biological phenomena.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Meanwhile, artificial organelles as multiple compartments not only successfully communicate chemically in artificial cells but also play a role in living cells. Stevens and co-workers combined synthetic polymer self-assembly technology with genetic engineering to encapsulate Gaussia luciferase (GLuc), an expensive enzyme, into a polymer to form an artificial organelle that was coupled to optogenetically engineered cardiomyocytes (Figure b). The luminescent Gluc regulated the heartbeat rate using cavoprotein as a substrate.…”
Section: Artificial Intracellular Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. (b) Schematic diagram of the working process of artificial organelles in cardiomyocytes . Reproduced from Microliter Scale Synthesis of Luciferase-Encapsulated Polymersomes as Artificial Organelles for Optogenetic Modulation of Cardiomyocyte Beating, Kim, H.; Yeow, J.; Najer, A.; Kit-Anan, W.; Wang, R.; Rifaie-Graham, O.; Thanapongpibul, C.; Stevens, M. M. Adv.…”
Section: Artificial Intracellular Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[27,31,33] Finally, polymersomes composed of PEG-b-PHPMA were synthesized by photo-PISA in microtiter plates as described in our recent paper (Figure S1, Supporting Information). [34,35] Gel-phase PEGylated liposomes were formed using the formulation employed in commercialized Doxil (DSPC-Cholesterol-DSPE-PEG2k). [47] Additionally, a liquid-phase version of the same liposomes was formed by substituting DSPC with POPC as the main vesicleforming lipid.…”
Section: Short Namesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[27] Moreover, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(2-hydroxypropylmethacrylate) (PEG-b-PHPMA)-based polymersomes derived from PISA have been shown to protect encapsulated enzymes from proteases and indicating long circulation time (although quantitative results were not reported). [34,35] Overall, comprehensive studies comparing polymersomes and liposomes in terms of protein corona formation and the associated downstream effects are limited in the scientific literature and are one of the major factors hindering the clinical translation of polymersomes. [18] It should be noted that studying protein fouling on liposomes and polymersomes is challenging with standard techniques that require separation from unbound proteins.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%