Micrometastasis and tumor cell microinvolvement of lymph nodes from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

The results of the current study show that, in SCC of the esophagus, MM, but not TCM, in the regional lymph nodes is prognostically equivalent to metastasis and should be examined by immunohistochemistry to classify these cases correctly as pN1.

The efficiency of micrometastasis by sentinel node navigation surgery using indocyanine green and infrared ray laparoscopy system for gastric cancer

“…In gastric cancer, Isozaki et al [25] and Natsugoe et al [26] reported that lymph node micrometastases were identified in 10-30% of specimens by step sectioning or IHC. Our results were similar to these studies, and 13% of patients diagnosed with no metastasis by H&E staining were judged lymph node positive by IHC staining.…”

A case of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from esophageal basaloid carcinoma diagnosed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for carcinoembryonic antigen

“…1,12,13 Recently, immunohistochemical assays for epithelialspecific antigens such as cytokeratins and genetic diagnostic procedures such as the RT-PCR method have been used to detect micrometastasis in the lymph nodes, blood, and bone marrow. [4][5][6][7] Only one report of leptomeningeal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by RT-PCR with CEA mRNA has been previously published. 14 In the present case, accurate diagnosis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was not made by the cytological examination of the cerebrospinal fluid or by imaging techniques.…”

“…After the slide was washed in Trisbuffered saline (TBS), it was incubated for 60 min at 37°C with the monoclonal antibody cocktail AE1/AE3 (antihuman cytokeratin; Dako, Carpinteria, CA, USA), which is reactive with a broad spectrum of human cytokeratins. 6 After the slide was washed in TBS, it was incubated with peroxidase-labeled polymer conjugated to primary antibody for 30 min. After the slide was again washed in TBS, it was incubated with a substrate chromogen (Fast Red Substrate System; Dako) for 10 min, washed in water, counterstained with hematoxylin, and placed under a coverslip with glycerin gelatin (Glycegel; Dako).…”

“…2,3 Recently, cancer cells circulating in the blood, lymph nodes, and bone marrow of patients with solid tumors were detected by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method for quantifying the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or by immunohistochemical staining for the presence of cytokeratin. [4][5][6][7] Here we present the first case report of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from esophageal basaloid carcinoma. In this case, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was diagnosed from quantitative RT-PCR for CEA mRNA and immunostaining with cytokeratin antibody when it was not detected by means of cytological examination and imaging.…”

Current status and future clinical applications of lymphatic mapping in gastrointestinal cancer

“…Natsugoe et al 28 demonstrated that micrometastasis, but not ITCs, in the regional lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is prognostically equivalent to metastasis and these cases should be examined by immunohistochemistry to classify them correctly as pN1. In particular, the prognostic value of SN micrometastases detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is still controversial.…”