Micronuclei in lymphocytes of uranium miners of the former Wismut SDAG

Müller, W.-U.; Kryscio, A.; Streffer, C.

doi:10.1159/000077505

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…DNA damage caused by IR may induce changes of peripheral haemograms, including the alterations of leucocyte numbers, the number of red blood cells and haemoglobin. The alterations of peripheral haemograms may result in severe occurrence of MN, and increase the incidence of CAs (27,28) . Previous studies have shown that IR results in macromolecular ionisation and dissociation, and could directly or indirectly induce DNA damage, damage to leucocyte function and increase the aberration rate of leucomonocytes, leading to increased risk of MN and CAs (29 -31) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ionising Radiation on Micronucleus Formation and Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Radiation Workers

Qin

Cao

Shen

et al. 2015

Radiat Prot Dosimetry

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This study is aimed to investigate the effects of ionising radiation (IR) on micronuclei (MN) formation and chromosome aberrations (CAs) in Chinese radiation workers. The study was conducted using peripheral blood lymphocytes from 1392 radiation workers from Public Hospitals of the city of Tangshan (the exposed group), and 143 healthy individuals as the control group. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used to detect the unstable and stable nuclear CAs on metaphase. The MN assay was performed using the cytochalasin B method for cytokinesis-block. The MN and CA frequencies were significantly higher in the exposed group than in healthy controls (both p < 0.001). Examination of the incidence rates of MN and CA showed an increasing trend among workers in some occupations compared with the others (all p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in MN and CA rates among workers with different exposure times (all p < 0.05). Stable CA rates demonstrated an increased trend among workers with different exposure times (all p < 0.05), while no significance of unstable CA rates was found among workers with different exposure times (all p < 0.05). Importantly, the frequencies of CA and MN increased among different cumulative radiation dose groups (all p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the frequencies of MN and CA were positively associated with the cumulative radiation dose. Longterm exposure to IR may have harmful effects on the health of radiation workers. The data obtained here show an increased risk of genetic instability that correlated with occupation, exposure time and equivalent dose among Chinese radiation workers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ionising Radiation on Micronucleus Formation and Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Radiation Workers

Qin

Cao

Shen

et al. 2015

Radiat Prot Dosimetry

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“…Moreover, the only measurement recorded was the exposure to shortlived radon decay products, whereas we know from the analysis of more recent data that this would account for only about 25% of the overall effective dose, other components being the external gamma exposure (20%) and the exposure to long-lived alpha emitters (55%) [Marušiaková et al, 2011;Zölzer et al, submitted for publication]. It should also be noted that no correlation between the frequency of micronucleus-containing cells and the radon exposure (given in working level month) was found in former German uranium miners either [Müller et al, 2004].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Genetic Damage in Lymphocytes from Former Uranium Miners

Zölzer

Hon²,

Skalická³

et al. 2012

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Lymphocytes from former uranium miners who finished work underground one or more decades ago were analysed with respect to possibly persisting genetic damage induced by their radiation exposure. A modified micronucleus-centromere test was used which determined the frequency of micronucleus-containing binucleate cells after cytochalasin B treatment and the percentage of centromere-free micronuclei, assessed with the help of immunofluorescence labeling of centromere protein B. Whereas the overall frequency of micronucleus-containing cells was not significantly elevated above the level found in a control group, former miners showed a greater percentage of centromere-free micronuclei, i.e. micronuclei containing only acentric fragments. Our results are in excellent agreement with those of an earlier uranium miner study and lend support to the assumption that genetic damage from alpha radiation can persist for many years after exposure, possibly due to genomic instability. The frequency of micronucleus-containing cells, but not the percentage of centromere-free micronuclei, significantly increased with time since last exposure in the mines. This can be attributed, at least in part, to the fact that miners who have finished working underground longer ago tend to be older, and there is an increase of the frequency of micronucleus-containing cells with age.

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“…In a study on German uranium miners, Kryscio et al [13] did not find enhanced frequency of MN-containing lymphocytes 7 -30 years after the miners finished underground work, but they did discover a higher percentage of micronuclei originating from acentric fragments. Additionally, no correlation between frequency of MN-containing cells and radon exposure (given in working level month) was found in former German uranium miners [14]. MN can be recognised after FISH with a centromere-specific DNA probe [15] [16].…”

Section: Genetic Instability In Uranium Minersmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes as a Prospective Biological Test-System to Estimate the Influence of Radon on the Human Organism: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Sinitsky¹

2014

OJGen

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This paper discusses the problem of assessing the negative after-effects of low doses of ionising radiation exposure in humans. Radon and its decay daughter products are the most widespread source of such irradiation. Miners (in both uranium and non-uranium mines) as well as laypeople in domestic life may be exposed to radon, making the problem of assessing the cytogenetic effects of exposure extremely crucial. One of the more promising test systems to assess the effect of radon is the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) on peripheral blood lymphocytes, which has a number of advantages over other cytogenetic techniques. Recent progress and future prospects of this cytogenetic method are discussed here.

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Micronuclei in lymphocytes of uranium miners of the former Wismut SDAG

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Ionising Radiation on Micronucleus Formation and Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Radiation Workers

Effects of Ionising Radiation on Micronucleus Formation and Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Radiation Workers

Persistence of Genetic Damage in Lymphocytes from Former Uranium Miners

The Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes as a Prospective Biological Test-System to Estimate the Influence of Radon on the Human Organism: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

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