Micronutrient intake adequacy in children from birth to 8 years. Data from the Childhood Obesity Project

Grote, Veit; Verduci, Elvira; ReDionigi, Alice; Rousseaux, Déborah; Closa‐Monasterolo, Ricardo; Escribano, Joaquín; Ferré, Natàlia; Gispert-Llauradó, Mariona; Rubio-Torrents, Carmen; Luque, Verónica; Zaragoza‐Jordana, Marta; Beyer, Jeannette; Fritsch, Michaela; Haile, G.; Handel, Uschi; Hannibal, Iris; Koletzko, Berthold; Kreichauf, S.; Pawellek, Ingrid; Schiess, S.; Verwied-Jorky, S.; Kries, Rüdiger von; Weber, Martina; Dobrzańska, Anna; Gruszfeld, Dariusz; Janas, Roman; Wierzbicka, Aldona; Socha, Piotr; Stolarczyk, Anna; Socha, Jerzy; Carlier, Clotilde; Dain, Elena; Goyens, Philippe; Hees, J.N. Van; Hoyos, Joana; Langhendries, Jean‐Paul; Martín, F. de Juan; Poncelet, Pascale; Xhonneux, Annick; Perrin, Emmanuel; Agostoni, Carlo; Giovannini, M; Dionigi, Alice Re; Riva, Enrica; Scaglioni, Silvia; Vecchi, Francesco C. De; Verducci, E.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.02.003

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The median intake of vitamin D is much lower than AR (10 mcg/day) [16] in all the age groups, confirming that it is the most poorly consumed micronutrient, with only a 1–5% prevalence of adequacy reported in European children [31]. This is in line with a broad prevalence of biochemical vitamin D deficiency, which should be considered as an emergent major health problem worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In the 1 ≤ years < 4 age group, 54% of Italian children had a calcium intake above PRI [16]. The European cohort reported a mild risk for an inadequate intake of calcium, with a prevalence of adequate adherence to recommendations that decreased with increasing age, with the risk of poor bone mineralization from three years onwards when the calcium-rich sources intake is highly replaced with other food groups [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is in line with a broad prevalence of biochemical vitamin D deficiency, which should be considered as an emergent major health problem worldwide. Hence, supplementation of milk and dairy products should be promoted to improve the naturally low content of vitamin D taken through the diet, since skin exposure to UVB radiation, the main source of vitamin D for humans, has been shown to be insufficient [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood Dietary Intake in Italy: The Epidemiological “MY FOOD DIARY” Survey

et al. 2019

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Promoting a healthy lifestyle during the first years of life is a key strategy for controlling obesity risk in later life; having good-quality epidemiological data on eating habits of infants and toddlers can improve awareness and possibly the education given by pediatricians to parents and children. With this aim, we performed a survey about the dietary pattern of Italian children in early childhood. We described the intake of energy, macronutrients and fiber, minerals, and vitamins of 443 Italian children (range 6.4–131 months), through a three-day food record filled out by their parents and assessed by family pediatricians. The results were compared with the Italian Dietary Reference Values. The median protein intake, in g/kg per body weight, exceeded the average requirement in all age groups, and in the 12–36 month period, the intake as % of energy was outside the reference range (>15%). The majority of the children consumed quantities of simple carbohydrates (consisting of both natural sugars and free or added sugars, 82.3% of the children in the study) and saturated fats (69% of the children in the study) above the limits of the Italian Dietary Reference Values, with low intake of fiber and polyunsaturated fats. Median mineral intake, in our study, was different depending on age, while vitamin D intake was very low in all age groups. This is one of the few studies reporting on the nutrient intake of Italian children with reference to nutrition recommendations in order to identify the principal nutritional errors. The present results underline the need for healthcare policies starting from the first years of life in order to ameliorate nutrient intake during childhood, possibly impacting long-term health outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood Dietary Intake in Italy: The Epidemiological “MY FOOD DIARY” Survey

et al. 2019

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“…However, growth retardation and several adverse outcomes throughout life might be caused by micronutrient deficiencies. We add to this topic since micronutrient intake adequacy has not been studied in detail in preschool children [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Parental Healthy-Eating Attitudes and Nutritional Knowledge on Nutritional Adequacy and Diet Quality among Preschoolers: The SENDO Project

et al. 2018

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Parental nutrition knowledge and attitudes play a fundamental role in their children’s food knowledge. However, little is known about their influence on their children’s diet quality and micronutrient intake. Thus, we aimed to assess the association of parental nutrition knowledge and healthy-eating attitudes with their children’s adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and micronutrient adequacy. Parental healthy-eating attitudes and knowledge of the quality of their child’s diet as well as anthropometric, lifestyle, and nutrient intake characteristics were recorded with a basal questionnaire that included a 140-item-food frequency-questionnaire. A total of 287 pre-school children were included in the analyses. Intake adequacy was defined using the Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) cut-off point method. We developed a parental nutrition knowledge and healthy-eating attitudes scores and evaluated whether they were independently associated with 1) children’s inadequate intake (probability of failing to meet ≥3 EAR) of micronutrients, using logistic regression analyses, and 2) children’s diet quality (adherence to the Mediterranean Diet according to a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents, the KIDMED index), using multiple linear regression models. A higher score in the parental healthy-eating attitudes score was associated with lower risk of failing to meet ≥3 EAR compared with the reference category (odds ratio (OR): 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12–0.95; p for trend: 0.037) and a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the most adjusted model (β coefficient: 0.34; 95% CI 0.01–0.67; p for trend: 0.045). Our results suggest a positive association of parental healthy-eating attitudes with nutritional adequacy and diet quality in a sample of Spanish preschoolers. Public health strategies should focus on encouraging parental healthy-eating attitudes rather than simply educating parents on what to feed their children, recognizing the important influence of parental behavior on children’s practices.

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“…Iron depletion (serum ferritin <12 ng/mL) has also been reported amongst 10-month-old German infants [ 10 ]. Dietary data from infants and children enrolled in the CHOP trial in five European countries, including Germany, showed that intakes of iron and iodine, along with various other micronutrients, were inadequate [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Adequacy of Commercial Complementary Cereals in Germany

Theurich¹,

Koletzko²,

Grote³

2020

Nutrients

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Commercial cereals are among the first complementary foods fed to infants in Germany and elsewhere. The purpose of this national survey is to describe the nutritional adequacy of commercial complementary cereals. A comprehensive, cross-sectional survey of cereal manufacturer websites (n = 15) was conducted from March to April 2019. Food labels were analyzed for iron, zinc, iodine, sodium, and sugar contents in commercial complementary cereals, and ingredient lists were evaluated for whole grains and added sugars. Preparation instructions were evaluated for the type of liquid recommended for reconstitution. Among 164 commercial complementary cereals, few contain iron (n = 43, 26%), zinc (n = 23, 14%) or iodine (n = 43, 26%). Sodium contents fall within EU thresholds. Most cereals were single grain, containing only wheat (n = 54), with half of the products (n = 86, 52%) containing whole grains. The average carbohydrate content of dry cereals is 69 g/100 g ± 9 g of which 14 ± 15 g is sugar. Preparation instructions for breakfast porridges and cereals recommend formula or toddler milk, while few recommend human milk (n = 13, 18%). Few commercial complementary cereals contain appreciable amounts (at least 15% of daily reference values) of zinc, iron, or iodine. A quarter of cereal carbohydrates are sugar and one-third of the products contain added sugars. Future directives should stipulate minimum micronutrient levels, strictly regulate sugar contents, and include human milk among preparation instructions.

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Micronutrient intake adequacy in children from birth to 8 years. Data from the Childhood Obesity Project

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Childhood Dietary Intake in Italy: The Epidemiological “MY FOOD DIARY” Survey

Childhood Dietary Intake in Italy: The Epidemiological “MY FOOD DIARY” Survey

Influence of Parental Healthy-Eating Attitudes and Nutritional Knowledge on Nutritional Adequacy and Diet Quality among Preschoolers: The SENDO Project

Nutritional Adequacy of Commercial Complementary Cereals in Germany

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