Micronutrients and Older Adults

Marian, Mary; Sacks, Gordon S.

doi:10.1177/0884533609332177

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…In particular, very high numbers (43.6%) of elderly were found to be either overweight or obese assessed by WHR (Table 2), which is especially important in view of the fact that Asian adults have higher cardiovascular risk factors already at lower BMI and WC than Western populations [16]. These arguments may support the fact that alone BMI is not enough to determine the risk of developing obesity-related conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean and standard deviation (SD) of energy, protein, selected minerals (Ca, Fe, Zn) and vitamins (A and C) were determined from dietary intake data. The vitamins and minerals selected are those known to be important, particularly for the older population [16]. Reference Nutrient Intakes (RNI) of the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) [17] were used because Pakistan has no nutrient recommendations of its own.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between anthropometric variables and nutrient intake in apparently healthy male elderly individuals: A study from Pakistan

Alam

Larbi

Pawelec

et al. 2011

Nutr J

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BackgroundThe elderly population is increasing worldwide, which warrants their nutritional status assessment more important. The present study was undertaken to establish the nutritional status of the least-studied elderly population in Pakistan.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 526 generally healthy free-living elderly men (mean age: 68.9 yr; range: 50-98 yr) from Peshawar, Pakistan. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, WC) were measured and BMI and WHR were calculated from these measurements following WHO standard procedures. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hr dietary recall. Nutrients were calculated from the information on food intake. Nutrients in terms of % of RNI were calculated using WHO data on recommended intakes.ResultsBased on BMI, the numbers of obese, overweight and underweight elderly were 13.1, 3.1 and 10.8%, respectively. Age was negatively and significantly correlated with BMI (p = 0.0028). Energy (p = 0.0564) and protein intake (p = 0.0776) tended to decrease with age. There was a significant increase in % BF with age (p = <0.0001). The normal weight elderly had significantly (p < 0.05) higher intake of all nutrients studied, except energy which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in obese and overweight elderly. Overall, however, the majority of subjects had lower than adequate nutrient intake (67.3 - 100% of recommendation).ConclusionsMalnutrition is common in apparently healthy elderly Pakistani men. Very few elderly have adequate nutrient intake. Obese and overweight had higher % BF as compared to normal weight elderly. Older age is associated with changes not only in anthropometrics and body composition but also in intake of key nutrients like energy and protein.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between anthropometric variables and nutrient intake in apparently healthy male elderly individuals: A study from Pakistan

Alam

Larbi

Pawelec

et al. 2011

Nutr J

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“…In fact, many, if not all, age-related diseases are, partly preventable by diet and exercise, understanding the feasibility of good nutrition and the need to achieve and maintain a healthy weight [118]. Nowadays, it is known how minerals, vitamins, microelement deficiency can strongly influence the onset and the path of many chronic inflammatory degenerative disease.…”

Section: Diet and Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Grade Inflammation as a Common Pathogenetic Denominator in Age-Related Diseases: Novel Drug Targets for Anti-Ageing Strategies and Successful Ageing Achievement

Candore

Caruso

Jirillo³

et al. 2010

CPD

127

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Nowadays, people are living much longer than they used to do, however they are not free from ageing. Ageing, an inexorable intrinsic process that affects all cells, tissues, organs and individuals, is a post-maturational process that, due to a diminished homeostasis and increased organism frailty, causes a reduction of the response to environmental stimuli and, in general, is associated to an increased predisposition to illness and death. However, the high incidence of death due to infectious, cardiovascular and cancer diseases underlies a common feature in these pathologies that is represented by dysregulation of both instructive and innate immunity. Several studies show that a low-grade systemic inflammation characterizes ageing and that inflammatory markers are significant predictors of mortality in old humans. This pro-inflammatory status of the elderly underlies biological mechanisms responsible for physical function decline and agerelated diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis are initiated or worsened by systemic inflammation. Understanding of the ageing process should have a prominent role in new strategies for extending the health old population. Accordingly, as extensively discussed in the review and in the accompanying related papers, investigating ageing pathophysiology, particularly disentangling agerelated low grade inflammation, is likely to provide important clues about how to develop drugs that can slow or delay ageing.

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“…The study of dietary factors is of high interest, as they permeate all potential aetiological factors of depression (biological, social, and psychological) (Lopresti, Hood, & Drummond, 2013), as explained later in the literature review chapter of this dissertation. The investigation of nutritional factors such as nutrient intakes or dietary patterns is also justified by the vulnerability of elderly people to nutrient deficiencies (McCormack, 1997) due to the physiological anorexia from aging (Donini, Savina, & Cannella, 2003;Drewnowski & Shultz, 2001;Marian & Sacks, 2009) and other physiological changes related to nutrient metabolism, and digestive and compensatory systems (de Castro & Stroebele, 2002;Russell, 2000).…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional predictors of depression in a cohort of community-dwelling elderly Canadians: NuAge cohort

GougeonLaura¹

2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Depression is associated with decreased quality of life and high mortality risk at all ages and, despite having lower prevalence in community-dwelling seniors compared to other stages of the life span or institutionalized elderly, it negatively affects seniors' health outcomes. Most evidence linking late-life depression, defined as first onset after 65 years of age, with dietary factors comes from cross-sectional studies, which cannot provide information on whether declines in diet were a consequence of depression-the reverse causality hypothesis. The Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Aging (NuAge) provides an ideal setting to explore such a relationship among a healthy, community-dwelling elderly population. Diet is hypothesized to be a factor associated with depression. Some longitudinal evidence from studies with middle-aged adults suggests that dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean or patterns deemed "healthy" are protective against depression, while "western" and "unhealthy" patterns are risk factors for the disease. B-vitamins are important cofactors in neurotransmitter synthesis and in the enzymes of the one-carbon metabolism, which has been hypothesized to have an aetiological role in depression through its neurotoxic derivates, such as homocysteine. Nonetheless, it is still largely unknown how depression affects nutrient intake in the elderly population, raising the question of the directionality of the association. Therefore, ii the three objectives of this thesis were to explore the longitudinal associations of i) dietary patterns and macronutrient intake and of ii) B6, B12 and folate intakes with the incidence of depression in late life; and iii) to investigate whether depression significantly affects short-term nutrient intakes (reverse causality effect) in comparison to intakes among non-depressed seniors.Data for this study have been obtained from the NuAge cohort, a 4-y longitudinal study of 1,793 community-dwelling men and women aged 68 to 82 years at baseline. The main outcome is incidence of depression as defined by scores in the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale ≥11 and or antidepressant medication use over the three years of follow-up. Participants were free of depression at the study's baseline through the exclusion of those with GDS scores ≥11 or antidepressant use at the time of the recruitment. Individuals with invalid or missing dietary information were also excluded. Dietary patterns were created through principal component analysis on amount (grams) of food items consumed in each of the 32 predefined food categories. Sex-specific tertiles of intake were created from the mean of three non-consecutive 24h-recalls. Multiple logistic regression models were adjusted for several demographic, health, and social confounders. For the study of the reverse causality hypothesis, we conducted a case-control nested within the NuAge cohort. Participants free of iii depression at baseline who developed depression at some point of follow-up were matched by age group and sex with...

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Micronutrients and Older Adults

Cited by 36 publications

References 105 publications

Relationship between anthropometric variables and nutrient intake in apparently healthy male elderly individuals: A study from Pakistan

Relationship between anthropometric variables and nutrient intake in apparently healthy male elderly individuals: A study from Pakistan

Low Grade Inflammation as a Common Pathogenetic Denominator in Age-Related Diseases: Novel Drug Targets for Anti-Ageing Strategies and Successful Ageing Achievement

Nutritional predictors of depression in a cohort of community-dwelling elderly Canadians: NuAge cohort

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