Micronutrients in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis

Abstract

Micronutrients include electrolytes, minerals, vitamins, and carotenoids, and are required in microgram or milligram quantities for cellular metabolism. The liver plays an important role in micronutrient metabolism and this metabolism often is altered in chronic liver diseases. Here, we review how the liver contributes to micronutrient metabolism; how impaired micronutrient metabolism may be involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a systemic disorder of energy, glucose, and lipid homeostasis; and how insights gained from micronutrient biology have informed NAFLD therapeutics. Finally, we highlight some of the challenges and opportunities that remain with investigating the contribution of micronutrients to NAFLD pathology and suggest strategies to incorporate our understanding into the care of NAFLD patients.

Vitamin D Status After Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy over 4 Years of Follow-up

“…Individuals with obesity may also have less exposure to sunlight due to a relatively sedentary lifestyle, resulting in less vitamin D being produced in the skin. It has also been suggested that obesity-related steatosis of the liver may lead to reduced activation of vitamin D [34]. Recent research has found that the proinflammatory state which comes with obesity may lead to alterations in vitamin D metabolism and lowered circulating levels [35].…”

The role of nutrition in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathophysiology and management

“…Micronutrients are important for the development of NAFLD. To date, the micronutrients involved in NAFLD are zinc, copper, iron, selenium, magnesium, vitamins A, C, D and E and carotenoids . The proposed mechanisms of action are their antioxidant, antifibrotic, immunomodulatory and lipoprotective effects.…”

“…Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients have been shown to have decreased levels of serum zinc, copper, vitamins A, C, D, E and carotenoids. Moreover, an iron and selenium excess have been reported to play a role in the severity of NAFLD …”

“…Moreover, an iron and selenium excess have been reported to play a role in the severity of NAFLD. 16 Lipid soluble vitamins have been linked to NAFLD, mainly low serum levels of vitamin A. 17 Because vitamin A may be beneficial, there are some concerns about supplementation.…”

Изменения Сосудов Головного Мозга У Пациентов С Неалкогольной Жировой Болезнью Печени И Нарушением Углеводного Обмена

“…NAFLD is a systemic disorder of energy, glucose, and lipid homeostasis with hepatic manifestations [3]. Metabolic disorders, such as lipid accumulation, insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, but the underlying mechanisms, including those that drive disease progression, are not fully understood [4].…”