Microplastic degradation as a sustainable concurrent approach for producing biofuel and obliterating hazardous environmental effects: A state-of-the-art review

Removing microplastics from aquatic environments: A critical review

“…The degradation of MPs has been previously reviewed [ 4 , 123 , 124 ], mostly focusing on biodegradation [ [125] , [126] , [127] , [128] ]. The degradation of MPs in this paper mainly focuses on the newly published work not summarized by other reviews yet, including abiotic and biotic degradation.…”

“…Abiotic degradation of MPs refers to the degradation because of various abiotic factors such as ultraviolet radiation, temperature, air, water and mechanical force. Different abiotic degradation pathways include mechanical, thermal and chemical degradation [ 124 , 129 ]. Biodegradation is the process of depolymerization of MPs through microbial digestion until they are mineralized to carbon dioxide [ 124 , 130 ].…”

“…Different abiotic degradation pathways include mechanical, thermal and chemical degradation [ 124 , 129 ]. Biodegradation is the process of depolymerization of MPs through microbial digestion until they are mineralized to carbon dioxide [ 124 , 130 ]. The summary of abiotic and biotic degradation technologies of MPs was reviewed and shown in Table 6 , Table 7 .…”

Preparation and Analysis of Standard Microplastics

“…Because plastics are considered chemically, physically, biologically stable and resistant materials, once in the environment, they can undergo degradation upon exposure to different factors, such as sunlight, water, and wind, and break down into tiny plastic particles known as microplastics. After fragmentation, they can be transported by wind and water due to their lightweight [3].…”

Panacea for the nanoplastic surge in Africa: A state-of-the-art review

“…The surface area to volume ratio of NPs provides a large area for microbial colonization and their possible degradation. Their biodegradation rate depends on their molecular weight, crystal structure, organic functional groups, and additives [ 211 ]. Determination of the extent of biodegradation can be achieved through the quantification of aerobic (CO 2 ) and anaerobic (CH 4 ) emission during mineralization of NPs [ 212 ].…”