Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Current Status, Assessment Methodologies, Impacts and Solutions

Solomon, Ogunola Oluniyi; Thavamani, Palanisami

doi:10.4172/2375-4397.1000161

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Seven main classes of plastics are produced: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), Polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PUR) and polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) [5,7,[16][17]. The most commonly used plastics are PE, PP, PVC, PS and PET, which represent about 90% of the global production [2,15].…”

Section: Plastic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary microplastics also include industrial abrasives or scrubbers used to blast clean surfaces or plastic powders used in modelling and drilling fluids for oil and gas exploration. Plastic pellets as raw material are used for plastic fabrication for many industrial applications [17,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Plastic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All types of plastics have been recognized as an emerging threat, as well as an ecotoxicological and ecological risk for water ecosystems [7]. Plastics have a hydrophobic nature, therefore, they can adsorb other dangerous organic and inorganic contaminants such as: endocrine-disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and heavy metals from the surrounding water and so on [4,17,22,26,29,[35][36][37]. The degradation processes of synthetic plastic pollutants are slow, therefore, the particles persist for a very long time in an aquatic environment and become available to water organisms [20].…”

Section: Microplastics In Water Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of wastewater treatment plants in surface water contamination by plastic pollutants

Mrowiec

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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The aim of this paper was to review the literature data regarding the physico-chemical characteristic of plastic pollutants discharged with municipal sewage, the practical possibility of removing microplastic particles from wastewater during different treatment steps in WWTPs and the problem of surface water contamination within them. Microplastics (the size range of 1 nm to < 5 mm), have been recognized as an emerging threat, as well as an ecotoxicological and ecological risk for water ecosystems. Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are mentioned as the main point sources of microplastics in an aquatic environment. Microplastic particles can be effectively removed in the primary treatment zones via solids skimming and sludge settling processes. Different tertiary treatment processes such as: gravity sand filtration, discfilter, air flotation and membrane filtration provide substantial additional removal of microplastics, and the efficiency of wastewater treatment process can be at a removal level of 99.9%. Nevertheless, given the large volumes of effluent constantly discharged to receivers, even tertiary level WWTPs may constitute a considerable source of microplastics in the surface water.

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Section: Plastic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plastic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microplastics In Water Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of wastewater treatment plants in surface water contamination by plastic pollutants

Mrowiec

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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“…Among them can be distinguished: wastewater treatment plants, cargo shipping, fisheries, human waste from beaches and urban runoff [Cole et al 2011, Stolte et al 2015, Peters and Bratton 2016, Alomar et al 2016, Michielssen et al 2016, Solomon and Palanisami 2016, Graca et al 2017, Mintening et al 2017, Wright and Kelly, 2017 Baltic Sea water, which suggests that tourist activity could be a major entry path for potential synthetic fibres as well.…”

Section: Sources and Transport Pathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ban on the use and sale of cosmetics containing microplastics [Carr et al 2016]. Some plastics such as aliphatic polyester and bio-polymer have the tendency to undergo complete degradation or mineralization (into carbon dioxide or methane) in the water environment, but the cost of production of these polymers is very high [Solomon and Palanisami 2016].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic pollutants in water environment

Mrowiec

2017

Ochrona Srodowiska I Zasobów Naturalnych

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Nowadays, wide applications of plastics result in plastic waste being present in the water environment in a wide variety of sizes. Plastic wastes are in water mainly as microplastics (the size range of 1 nm to < 5 mm). Microplastics have been recognized as an emerging threat, as well as ecotoxicological and ecological risk for water ecosystems. In this review are presented some of the physicochemical properties of plastic materials that determine their toxic effect on the aquatic environment. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are mentioned as one of main sources of microplastics introduced into fresh water, and rivers are the pathways for the transportation of the pollutants to seas and oceans. But, effluents from tertiary wastewater treatment facilities can contain only minimally microplastic loads. The issue of discharge reduction of plastic pollutants into water environment needs activities in the scope of efficient wastewater treatment, waste disposal, recycling of plastic materials, education and public involvement.

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An investigation on the prevalence of microplastic in commercial and open pan salts obtained from Cox's Bazar and Maheshkhali region of Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh)

Mazumder

Quader

Saha

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Unrestrained utilization of plastic has reached an intemperate state, menacing environment and human lives. The preliminary focus of this research was to investigate and divulge the contemporary status of microplastics (MPs) in commercialized and open pan salts from Cox's Bazar and Maheshkhali channels. A total of 27 samples were obtained. The samples were analyzed for the prevalence of MPs by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (RS); the prevailing amount, color, size, and shapes were analyzed by stereomicroscope and SEM. The abundance of high‐density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) were detected by FTIR, meanwhile exuberance of cellulose acetate, polypropylene, PET, LDPE, and Nylon 6 were identified by RS. The average quantifications of MPs in Cox's Bazar, Maheshkhali, and packaged salts were found to be 6851.11 ± 538.18, 5638.89 ± 1001.18, and 3405.56 ± 638.57 per kg, respectively. ANOVA resulted in highly significant association between MPs and sampling sites (p = .001*). Post hoc Tukey's test revealed prominent link between commercialized and open pan salts based on the amount of MPs (p = .001*). The most prevalent colors were purple (28%) and blue (27%). The most frequent shapes were fibrous (79%) and fragmented (19.9%) MPs. The smallest MP was detected in commercial salt (1.55 μm), nearly identical and closer to the size of nanoplastics.

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Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Current Status, Assessment Methodologies, Impacts and Solutions

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

The role of wastewater treatment plants in surface water contamination by plastic pollutants

The role of wastewater treatment plants in surface water contamination by plastic pollutants

Plastic pollutants in water environment

An investigation on the prevalence of microplastic in commercial and open pan salts obtained from Cox's Bazar and Maheshkhali region of Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh)

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