2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.12.022
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Microprobe analysis of neutron irradiated and autoclaved zirconium niobium claddings using synchrotron-based hard X-ray imaging and spectroscopy

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Cited by 11 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…The oxidation of SPPs [e.g., Zr(Cr,Fe) 2 in Zircaloy-4, β-Nb and ZrNbFe precipitates in ZIRLO] is delayed relative to that of the Zr matrix so that the precipitates are initially incorporated in metallic form into the oxide layer. This delayed oxidation of alloying elements incorporated into the oxide layer has been verified by TEM (78)(79)(80), by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) (81)(82)(83), and more recently by μ-XANES (29,84). As the oxide advances further, the alloying elements in these precipitates eventually become oxidized; the delay is proportional to the tendency of elements to oxidize as specified by Ellingham's or Pourbaix diagrams.…”
Section: Second-phase Precipitatesmentioning
confidence: 84%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The oxidation of SPPs [e.g., Zr(Cr,Fe) 2 in Zircaloy-4, β-Nb and ZrNbFe precipitates in ZIRLO] is delayed relative to that of the Zr matrix so that the precipitates are initially incorporated in metallic form into the oxide layer. This delayed oxidation of alloying elements incorporated into the oxide layer has been verified by TEM (78)(79)(80), by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) (81)(82)(83), and more recently by μ-XANES (29,84). As the oxide advances further, the alloying elements in these precipitates eventually become oxidized; the delay is proportional to the tendency of elements to oxidize as specified by Ellingham's or Pourbaix diagrams.…”
Section: Second-phase Precipitatesmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…The amount of oxidized Nb as a function of oxide depth was measured by μ-XANES in a Zr-0.4% Nb oxide, and there is enough oxidized Nb in solid solution to fully compensate for the space charges (originally due to local anion and electron concentration differences). In that case, the Nb oxidation state (for NbO and Nb 2 O 3 oxides) is expected to be lower than 4+, which XANES experiments have confirmed (81,83,84). In contrast, the Fe and Cr solubility limit in the oxide is too low to provide charge compensation, which results in subparabolic oxidation kinetics in ZrFeCr alloys (including Zircaloys).…”
Section: Effect Of Space Charge On the Oxidation Kineticsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In our study, we also observed that Zr-2.5Nb alloy showed both the lowest f t H throughout the experiment and the highest corrosion rate. The presence of Nb 5þ in the oxide is indicated by the fact that the Nb XANES spectra showed absorption edges above the Nb 4þ edge, although it is possible that a contribution of lower valences also exists [58,62]. The presence of the Nb 2 O 5 phase in Zr-2.5Nb oxides has also been confirmed by photoelectrical analysis of passive zirconium niobium oxide layers [63].…”
Section: Effect Of Nb Addition On F Hmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Appropriate techniques for this type of study include WAXS, SAXS, high-energy XRD microscopy (i.e., 3-D XRD microscopy), and x-ray computed microtomography. Specific examples of nuclear material studies include (but are not limited to) reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels, [4] austenitic stainless steels (SSs) and advanced reactor materials, [5]- [8] zirconium-based cladding alloys, [9]- [12] silicon carbide, [13], [14] and nuclear graphite, [15], [16] as well as model alloys investigated for use in mechanistic model development. [17] Details on these materials are given in the paragraphs below.…”
Section: Structural Materialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…• Determination of the irradiation-induced microstructural evolution [9] • Examination of microstructural changes in order to understand anisotropic irradiation growth [9] • Characterization of the behavior of second-phase particles in neutron-irradiated Zr-4 alloys [10], [11] • Provision of fundamental information on metal speciation at the oxide-metal interface and in the adjacent oxide and metal. [12] Nuclear graphite. X-ray computed tomography is a powerful tool for observing deformation and fracture processes in materials such as nuclear graphite.…”
Section: Structural Materialsmentioning
confidence: 99%