Micropropagación de Quillaja saponaria Mol. a partir de semillas

Prehn, Doris; Serrano, Carolina; Berríos, C.; Arce‐Johnson, Patricio

doi:10.4067/s0717-92002003000200001

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the sequence of the micropropagation phases. It is essential to emphasize that, despite the in vitro culture of quillay having been implemented previously in Chile, specifically from seeds using the direct organogenesis (Prehn et al 2003) and the somatic embryogenesis (Vega and Prehn 2005) methodologies, this work constitutes the first report of an in vitro culture for this species from auxiliary buds from adult plants, representing a contribution to the development of biotechnological techniques for the study and commercial use of the same one, without risking its preservation as native natural resource. To obtain 1 l of crude extract (100 g of plant tissue in 1,000 ml of 85% EtOH) it were used 50 microcontainers of 2 g of shoots each.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the high demand for quillay bark, one of the most important sources of triterpenic saponins in the world (Rosende 1990), along with a progressive replacement of forests by crops and the low natural reproduction by seeds, have decreased the existence of adult quillaja trees in Chile. This has motivated the development of propagation programs (Copaja et al 2003;Prehn et al 2003). In the search for alternatives to obtain desirable compounds from plants, the biotechnological technique of in vitro plant culture has been found to have potential for supplementing traditional plant production systems in the commercial provision of bioactive plant metabolites (Alfermann and Petersen 1995;Bhojwani and Razdan 1996;Ramachandra and Ravishankar 2002;Vanisree et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effect of extracts from in vitro-grown shoots of Quillaja saponaria Mol. on Botrytis cinerea Pers.

Ribera

Cotoras

Zúñiga

2008

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The ethanolic and aqueous extracts from in vitro shoots of Quillaja saponaria Mol. (Quillay) were studied for their antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. These extracts reduced conidial germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea, ethanolic extracts being more active than aqueous extracts. In addition, the damage areas produced by this fungus on tomato leaves and strawberry fruits pretreated with quillay extracts were diminished. The fungitoxic effect of in vitro-grown quillay extract was similar to those obtained with commercial fungicides of both natural (BC-1000) and synthetic (iprodione-dicarboximide) origin. On the other hand, the antifungal action of quillay extracts obtained from adult trees naturally grown was only slightly superior to the fungitoxic activity of the extract from in vitro plants. HPLC analysis of the extract showed that it contained saponins and some phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic, caffeic, vanillic, and salicylic acids, and scopoletin, which have been identified as antifungal agents on phytopathogenic fungi. The results obtained in this work, suggests that extracts of in vitro-grown quillay have an important protective effect against B. cinerea and support the use of an in vitro culture system as a biotechnological alternative to obtain environmental safe antifungal quillay extracts to control B. cinerea, contributing to the preservation of this indigenous Chilean species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of extracts from in vitro-grown shoots of Quillaja saponaria Mol. on Botrytis cinerea Pers.

Ribera

Cotoras

Zúñiga

2008

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Quillaja saponaria, commonly named Quillay, is an endemic Chilean tree found from the Coquimbo Region to the Bío-Bío Region (Arauco Province), approximately between 31° and 38° south (García & Ormazábal 2008, Prehn et al 2003. It grows from sea level to 1600 m a.s.l., preferably in dry areas which are poor in nutrients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of composition, richness and phylogenetic diversity of woody plant communities of Quillaja saponaria Molina (Quillajaceae) in the Chilean sclerophyllous forest

et al. 2017

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Sclerophyllous forest is among the most representative types of woody plant communities in central Chile where Quillaja saponaria is considered to be one of the most important species. In this study, we analysed the main factors that explain the geographical patterns of variation in composition, richness and phylogenetic diversity of woody plant communities in the Chilean sclerophyllous forest where Quillaja saponaria is present. Vegetation surveys were performed for trees and shrubs in thirty-nine sites from 30° to 38° of latitude South in the Mediterranean biome of Chile. Composition, richness, alfa diversity and phylogenetic diversity metrics of the communities were calculated and associated with spatial (latitude, longitude and altitude), climate (annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, aridity), and disturbance variables (type of adjacent vegetation matrix) using multiple regression models. Sixty taxa were identified, distributed in 29 families, including 23 trees and 37 shrubs. A significant effect of the type of adjacent vegetation matrix (i.e. agricultural land, commercial forestry plantation or natural forest) on diversity and composition of the sampled communities was found. Significant effects of latitude on diversity, and altitude, latitude and annual mean temperature on composition were also found. Metrics of phylogenetic diversity and structure were only associated with altitude and latitude. In conclusion, diversity, composition and phylogenetic structure patterns of sclerophyllous forest communities are associated with spatial and climate variables, and anthropogenic disturbance has also caused important changes in these communities.

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“…This situation was crucial to carry out a forestry and forest management project for the species, supported by a program of vegetative propagation (Prehn et al, 2003), in which protocols of morphogenic development models were designed to propagate vegetatively and massively adult Quillay trees, using seeds as explants as they have a high content of saponins of good quality and low toxicity (Prehn et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Esta situación fue determinante para realizar un proyecto silvícola y de manejo forestal para la especie, respaldado por un programa de propagación vegetativa (Prehn et al, 2003), en el cual se diseñaron protocolos de modelos de desarrollo morfogénico para propagar vegetativa y masivamente árboles adultos de quillay, mediante el uso de semillas como explantes, mismas que reúnen un alto contenido de saponinas de buena calidad y de baja toxicidad (Prehn et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Organogénesis directa para la propagación in vitro de Quillaja saponaria Molina en Sudamérica Austral

Uicab

Leal

Sabja³

et al. 2017

RMCF

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Quillaja saponaria es una especie arbórea endémica de cuatro países de América del Sur. De su corteza, se extraen saponinas, moléculas de importancia económica utilizadas con fines farmacéuticos, industriales y agronómicos. En el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto de componentes hormonales sobre la capacidad morfogénica de Q. saponaria, a partir de segmentos caulinares provenientes de árboles adultos. Se empleó el medio de cultivo Murashige y Skoog (MS) suplementado con nueve concentraciones de ácido indol 3-butírico (AIB) y 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP). Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar balanceado con cinco repeticiones; la unidad experimental fue un frasco de vidrio con cuatro explantes. El material se mantuvo en una cámara de crecimiento a 25±1 °C en el día y 22±1 °C en la noche, a una intensidad lumínica de 3000 lux y una humedad relativa de 60 %. Se determinaron efectos significativos (P = 0.01) de los tratamientos sobre las variables número de brotes y elongación caulinar. La prueba estadística de rangos múltiples de Duncan ratificó que los tratamientos con diferencias significativas fueron 1.0 mgL-1 de AIB y 2.0 mgL-1 de BAP, para número de brotes por explante y 1.5 mg L-1 de AIB y 0.5 mg L-1 de BAP para la elongación caulinar. El análisis histológico evidenció la proliferación de estructuras meristemáticas a partir de tejido subepidérmico. Estos resultados respaldan los cimientos científicos de la competencia morfogénica de árboles adultos como fuentes de germoplasma para la propagación clonal, clave en un programa de masificación de individuos elite.

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Micropropagación de Quillaja saponaria Mol. a partir de semillas

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of extracts from in vitro-grown shoots of Quillaja saponaria Mol. on Botrytis cinerea Pers.

Effect of extracts from in vitro-grown shoots of Quillaja saponaria Mol. on Botrytis cinerea Pers.

Patterns of composition, richness and phylogenetic diversity of woody plant communities of Quillaja saponaria Molina (Quillajaceae) in the Chilean sclerophyllous forest

Organogénesis directa para la propagación in vitro de Quillaja saponaria Molina en Sudamérica Austral

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