MicroRNA-21 down-regulates inflammation and inhibits periodontitis

Abstract

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent inflammatory diseases, characterized by gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are important regulators of inflammation and involved in periodontitis pathogenesis. In this work, we studied the roles of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in periodontitis. MiR-21 is up-regulated in both periodontitis patients and the mice that induced with periodontitis. We tested the roles of miR-21 in the macrophages challenged by periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MiR-21 expression is up-regulated in P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated macrophages. MiR-21 mimic inhibits the pro-inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages, while miR-21 deficiency elevates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, absence of miR-21 promotes activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in P. gingivalis LPS- stimulated cells. In a murine periodontitis model, ligation induced exacerbated gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss in miR-21 deficient mice than their wild-type littermates. These results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory function of miR-21 in vitro and in vivo, indicating miR-21 could be an interventional target for the control of periodontitis.

Expression of MicroRNAs in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Among all 43 included articles, a total of 563 miRNAs were identified reporting fold changes in miRNA expression between health and periodontal/peri-implant disease (Tables S9 and S10). Due to extensiveness and limitations in the reported data, only 16 miRNAs were selected to perform a meta-analysis and were chosen if fold changes values of the same miRNA were reported in both animal and human studies or individually, in more than two and four articles from animal and human studies, respectively [13,15,17,18,[20][21][22][23]26,28,29,[31][32][33]35,37,38,41,42,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51].…”

The Role of Angiogenesis and Pro-Angiogenic Exosomes in Regenerative Dentistry

“…Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression is downregulated as a consequence of miR-21 upregulation [131]. This non-coding RNA was found in the BM-MSC exosomes [132] and may have a protective role against periodontal inflammation [133].…”

Long Term Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol Administration Inhibits Proinflammatory Responses in Minor Salivary Glands of Chronically Simian Immunodeficieny Virus Infected Rhesus Macaques

“…In terms of magnitude, miR-19a, miR-301, miR-142-3p, miR-32 and miR-142-5p were among a select list of miRNAs that showed the highest upregulation in OPM (bottom of heat map in Figure 5 A and black arrows in volcano plot in Figure 5 B). An important finding is the significant upregulation in OPM ( Figure 5 A,B) of miR-21 (blue arrow in Figure 5 A and volcano plot in Figure 5 B), a miRNA known to regulate periodontitis [ 75 ], T-cell activation [ 76 ] and oral carcinoma [ 77 ]. Interestingly, RNA-seq for gene expression profiling also confirmed miR-21 upregulation in OPM of VEH-untreated/SIV rhesus macaques.…”