MicroRNA (miRNA): A New Dimension in the Pathogenesis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)

Kotyla, Przemysław; Islam, Asiful

doi:10.3390/ijms21062076

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…miRNAs can regulate gene expression paring with complementary messenger RNAs (mRNAs), modulating mRNA stability. miRNAs are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including APS [ 78 ]. The data were focused on two microRNAs, miR-19b and miR-20a: their downregulation in monocytes obtained from APS patients caused an increased expression of TF, contributing to generate a prothrombotic state [ 79 , 80 , 81 ].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of the Placental Damage In Apsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Pregnancy: New and Old Pathogenetic Mechanisms

D’Ippolito

Barbaro

Paciullo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized, according to the Sydney criteria, by the persistent presence of autoantibodies directed against phospholipid-binding proteins associated with thrombosis and/or obstetrical complications. The most frequent complications in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome are recurrent pregnancy losses and premature birth due to placental insufficiency or severe preeclampsia. In recent years, vascular APS (VAPS) and obstetric APS (OAPS) have been described as two different clinical entities. In VAPS, antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) interfere with the mechanisms of coagulation cascade and the ‘two hit hypothesis’ has been suggested to explain why aPL positivity does not always lead to thrombosis. OAPS seems to involve additional mechanisms, such as the direct action of anti-β2 glycoprotein-I on trophoblast cells that can lead to a direct placental functional damage. Furthermore, new actors seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of OAPS, including extracellular vesicles, micro-RNAs and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps. The aim of this review is to investigate the state-of-the-art antiphospholipid syndrome pathogenesis in pregnancy, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of both old and new pathogenetic mechanisms involved in this complex disease.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of the Placental Damage In Apsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Pregnancy: New and Old Pathogenetic Mechanisms

D’Ippolito

Barbaro

Paciullo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs, which play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, cell development, differentiation and function [135][136][137]. The dysfunction of miRNAs can also interfere with the expression of carcinogenic or tumor suppressor target genes [138][139][140]. Therefore, miRNAs are considered to be an important biomarker in clinical applications.…”

Section: Tumor Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme-Assisted Nucleic Acid Amplification in Molecular Diagnosis: A Review

et al. 2023

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Infectious diseases and tumors have become the biggest medical challenges in the 21st century. They are driven by multiple factors such as population growth, aging, climate change, genetic predispositions and more. Nucleic acid amplification technologies (NAATs) are used for rapid and accurate diagnostic testing, providing critical information in order to facilitate better follow-up treatment and prognosis. NAATs are widely used due their high sensitivity, specificity, rapid amplification and detection. It should be noted that different NAATs can be selected according to different environments and research fields; for example, isothermal amplification with a simple operation can be preferred in developing countries or resource-poor areas. In the field of translational medicine, CRISPR has shown great prospects. The core component of NAAT lies in the activity of different enzymes. As the most critical material of nucleic acid amplification, the key role of the enzyme is self-evident, playing the upmost important role in molecular diagnosis. In this review, several common enzymes used in NAATs are compared and described in detail. Furthermore, we summarize both the advances and common issues of NAATs in clinical application.

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“…Moreover, neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells is enhanced, resulting in neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) formation ( Figure 1 ). Another molecular aspect in APS pathophysiology is the modulation of microRNA (miRNA) levels, which results in the increase of tissue factor expression in monocytes and in the development of a pro-inflammatory response whereby miRNA effects pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels [ 22 ].…”

Section: Differences and Similarities Between Hit And Apsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Anticoagulant Treatment of Immune Thrombosis: A Focus on Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome

Carré

Jourdi

Gendron

et al. 2021

IJMS

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For more than 10 years, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been increasingly prescribed for the prevention and treatment of thrombotic events. However, their use in immunothrombotic disorders, namely heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), is still under investigation. The prothrombotic state resulting from the autoimmune mechanism, multicellular activation, and platelet count decrease, constitutes similarities between HIT and APS. Moreover, they both share the complexity of the biological diagnosis. Current treatment of HIT firstly relies on parenteral non-heparin therapies, but DOACs have been included in American and French guidelines for a few years, providing the advantage of limiting the need for treatment monitoring. In APS, vitamin K antagonists are conversely the main treatment (+/- anti-platelet agents), and the use of DOACs is either subject to precautionary recommendations or is not recommended in severe APS. While some randomized controlled trials have been conducted regarding the use of DOACs in APS, only retrospective studies have examined HIT. In addition, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is now a part of immunothrombotic disorders, and guidelines have been created concerning an anticoagulant strategy in this case. This literature review aims to summarize available data on HIT, APS, and VITT treatments and define the use of DOACs in therapeutic strategies.

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MicroRNA (miRNA): A New Dimension in the Pathogenesis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)

Cited by 9 publications

References 131 publications

Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Pregnancy: New and Old Pathogenetic Mechanisms

Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Pregnancy: New and Old Pathogenetic Mechanisms

Enzyme-Assisted Nucleic Acid Amplification in Molecular Diagnosis: A Review

Recent Advances in Anticoagulant Treatment of Immune Thrombosis: A Focus on Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome

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