MicroRNA124-IL6R Mediates the Effect of Nicotine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Shifting Th1/Th2 Balance Toward Th1

Qin, Zhen; Wang, Peng‐Yuan; Wan, Jingjing; Wei, Jie; Sun, Yang; Liu, Xia

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00235

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Th cells can be subdivided into mutually exclusive Th1 and Th2 subsets. The Th1/Th2 balance has been confirmed to participate in autoimmune and allergic diseases ( 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Adaptive Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Dysregulation in IgG4-Related Disease

et al. 2021

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Immunoglobin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is one of the newly discovered autoimmune diseases characterized by elevated serum IgG4 concentrations and multi-organ fibrosis. Despite considerable research and recent advances in the identification of underlying immunological processes, the etiology of this disease is still not clear. Adaptive immune cells, including different types of T and B cells, and cytokines secreted by these cells play a vital role in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD. Antigen-presenting cells are stimulated by pathogens and, thus, contribute to the activation of naïve T cells and differentiation of different T cell subtypes, including helper T cells (Th1 and Th2), regulatory T cells, and T follicular helper cells. B cells are activated and transformed to plasma cells by T cell-secreted cytokines. Moreover, macrophages, and some important factors (TGF-β, etc.) promote target organ fibrosis. Understanding the role of these cells and cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD will aid in developing strategies for future disease treatment and drug development. Here, we review the most recent insights on IgG4-RD, focusing on immune dysregulation involved in the pathogenesis of this autoimmune condition.

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“…Th cells can be subdivided into mutually exclusive Th1 and Th2 subsets. The Th1/Th2 balance has been confirmed to participate in autoimmune and allergic diseases ( 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Adaptive Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Dysregulation in IgG4-Related Disease

et al. 2021

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“…Interestingly, these IBD-induced epigenetic changes could partly explain why smoking is rather protective in UC, whereas it is an important risk factor in CD. Indeed, nicotine enhances the miR-124 expression, which targets and downregulates IL6R, resulting in a shifting Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1 (in peripheral blood lymphocytes and colon tissues), thereby protecting against Th2-type UC and worsening Th1-type CD [ 239 ]. This increase in miR-124 in epithelial cells, lymphocytes and macrophages in response to nicotine also results in the phosphorylation of STAT3, in a decreased production of IL-6 at the transcriptional level, and prevents the conversion of pro-TNF-α to TNF-α, which also explains the protective role of tobacco in the UC [ 240 , 241 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Exposome on the Epigenome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients and Animal Models

Vieujean

Caron

Haghnejad

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that encompass two main phenotypes, namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These conditions occur in genetically predisposed individuals in response to environmental factors. Epigenetics, acting by DNA methylation, post-translational histones modifications or by non-coding RNAs, could explain how the exposome (or all environmental influences over the life course, from conception to death) could influence the gene expression to contribute to intestinal inflammation. We performed a scoping search using Medline to identify all the elements of the exposome that may play a role in intestinal inflammation through epigenetic modifications, as well as the underlying mechanisms. The environmental factors epigenetically influencing the occurrence of intestinal inflammation are the maternal lifestyle (mainly diet, the occurrence of infection during pregnancy and smoking); breastfeeding; microbiota; diet (including a low-fiber diet, high-fat diet and deficiency in micronutrients); smoking habits[ vitamin D and drugs (e.g., IBD treatments, antibiotics and probiotics). Influenced by both microbiota and diet, short-chain fatty acids are gut microbiota-derived metabolites resulting from the anaerobic fermentation of non-digestible dietary fibers, playing an epigenetically mediated role in the integrity of the epithelial barrier and in the defense against invading microorganisms. Although the impact of some environmental factors has been identified, the exposome-induced epimutations in IBD remain a largely underexplored field. How these environmental exposures induce epigenetic modifications (in terms of duration, frequency and the timing at which they occur) and how other environmental factors associated with IBD modulate epigenetics deserve to be further investigated.

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“…Nicotine is a nonspecific α7nAChR agonist. Many studies including ours have shown the protective role of nicotine in inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines and improving survival in experimental sepsis through the CAP ( 39 – 41 ). Nicotine-releasing enemas, gums, and patches have been used to treat ulcerative colitis in clinical trials ( 42 – 45 ).…”

Section: Recommended Approaches That Activate Cap In Covid-19 Infectimentioning

confidence: 93%

Activation of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for COVID-19

Qin

Xiang

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) underlined the urgent need for alleviating cytokine storm. We propose here that activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is a potential therapeutic strategy. However, there is currently no approved drugs targeting the regulatory pathway. It is evident that nicotine, anisodamine and some herb medicine, activate the CAP and exert anti-inflammation action in vitro and in vivo. As the vagus nerve affects both inflammation and specific immune response, we propose that vagus nerve stimulation by invasive or non-invasive devices and acupuncture at ST36, PC6, or GV20, are also feasible approaches to activate the CAP and control COVID-19. It is worth to investigate the efficacy and safety of the strategy in patients with COVID-19.

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MicroRNA124-IL6R Mediates the Effect of Nicotine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Shifting Th1/Th2 Balance Toward Th1

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

Immune Dysregulation in IgG4-Related Disease

Immune Dysregulation in IgG4-Related Disease

Impact of the Exposome on the Epigenome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients and Animal Models

Activation of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for COVID-19

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