MicroRNAs in prostate cancer: from biomarkers to molecularly-based therapeutics

Gordanpour, Aida; Nam, Robert K.; Sugar, Linda; Seth, Arun

doi:10.1038/pcan.2012.3

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…miRNA expression patterns have been found to serve as phenotypic signatures of various cancers [83], including prostate cancer. In primary prostate cancers, widespread deregulation of miRNAs has been reported compared to normal prostate tissues.…”

Section: Promising Alternative Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

PSA and beyond: alternative prostate cancer biomarkers

2016

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Background The use of biomarkers for prostate cancer screening, diagnosis and prognosis has the potential to improve the clinical management of the patients. Owing to inherent limitations of the biomarker prostate-specific antigen (PSA), intensive efforts are currently directed towards a search for alternative prostate cancer biomarkers, particularly those that can predict disease aggressiveness and drive better treatment decisions. Methods A literature search of Medline articles focused on recent and emerging advances in prostate cancer biomarkers was performed. The most promising biomarkers that have the potential to meet the unmet clinical needs in prostate cancer patient management and/or that are clinically implemented were selected. Conclusions With the advent of advanced genomic and proteomic technologies, we have in recent years seen an enormous spurt in prostate cancer biomarker research with several promising alternative biomarkers being discovered that show an improved sensitivity and specificity over PSA. The new generation of biomarkers can be tested via serum, urine, or tissue-based assays that have either received regulatory approval by the US Food and Drug Administration or are available as Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-based laboratory developed tests. Additional emerging novel biomarkers for prostate cancer, including circulating tumor cells, microRNAs and exosomes, are still in their infancy. Together, these biomarkers provide actionable guidance for prostate cancer risk assessment, and are expected to lead to an era of personalized medicine.

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Section: Promising Alternative Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

PSA and beyond: alternative prostate cancer biomarkers

2016

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“…Growing evidence indicates that miRNAs can act as ideal molecular targets for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy in many types of cancers (20)(21)(22). Various miRNAs have been used to detect cancer and to develop miRNA-based therapeutic strategies in PCa (23)(24)(25). To explore different strategies for cancer therapeutics, more studies are needed to identify novel and valuable miRNAs and further, to investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of these miRNAs in PCa tumorigenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-340 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting the MDM2-p53 pathway

Huang

Tang

et al. 2015

Oncology Reports

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Abstract. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating cancer progression and metastasis, but the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate prostate cancer (PCa) tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that miR-340 may act as a tumor suppressor based on our finding that it was significantly downregulated in PCa tumor tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the expression of miR-340 was found to be correlated with the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and had a suppressive effect on tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model as well. The suppressive effect of miR-340 overexpression was observed in cell lines DU145 and BPH-1 which express wild-type (WT) p53. However, in the p53-null PC-3 cell line, the suppressive effect was not found, indicating that miR-340 may play a critical role in the p53 pathway. Further investigation revealed that mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), an important regulator of p53, was targeted by miR-340 through the direct binding to the 3'UTR of MDM2, which inhibited MDM2 translation. In addition, miR-340 expression stabilized p53 protein levels which caused an increase in p21 expression but a decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein, BCL-2, in the p53 WT cell lines. Moreover, the miR-340-mediated inhibition of cell progression was mitigated by re-expressing MDM2 in the stable miR-340-overexpressing PCa cell line, which harbors WT p53. Our findings suggest that miR-340 may function as a novel tumor suppressor in PCa through the MDM2-p53 pathway by directly targeting MDM2, which may be a promising miRNA-targeted therapy for PCa.

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“…9 MiRNAs are found to be associated with cellular processes and cellular growth such as distinction, apoptosis, and regulation of cell cycle. [10][11][12] The abnormal expression of miRNAs is reported in each of these processes. Their negative role in mutation and formation of tumors has made them responsible for the appearance of many types of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their negative role in mutation and formation of tumors has made them responsible for the appearance of many types of cancer. 10 Plenty of research shows that micro RNAs are misregulated in different types of cancer. Some miRNAs are known as a new class of cell cycle regulator acting as a biomarker in cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and predictive roles of microRNA-383 in colorectal cancer

Fateh

Feizi

Safaralizadeh

et al. 2016

Gastroenterol Insights

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are impressive regulators of gene expression that have a critical role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). With respect to the aberrant expression of miRNA-383 (miR-383) in some types of human malignancy, this prospective study characterized its contribution to CRC tumorigenesis. The real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction was used to examine miR-383 expression levels prospectively in 40 sample pairs of CRC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues (>2 cm from cancer tissue). No significant relationship was found between miR-383 expression levels and clinicopathological features. The ability of miR-383 to function as a tumor marker was also examined. Showing significant changes overall, miR-383 expression levels were significantly down regulated in the group of CRC samples compared with matched noncancerous tissue samples. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve also showed ROC area of 70% for miR-383 with 68 and 75% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Therefore, miR-383 can be considered as a tumor marker in CRC and help as a potential predictive biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

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MicroRNAs in prostate cancer: from biomarkers to molecularly-based therapeutics

Cited by 42 publications

References 63 publications

PSA and beyond: alternative prostate cancer biomarkers

PSA and beyond: alternative prostate cancer biomarkers

MicroRNA-340 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting the MDM2-p53 pathway

Prognostic and predictive roles of microRNA-383 in colorectal cancer

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