Microscopic Imaging Methods for Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms

Buchanan, Bailey C; Yoon, Jeong‐Yeol

doi:10.3390/mi13020328

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…In addition, the flow rate of the blood sample was specifically set to obtain the blood viscosity using a syringe pump. To resolve the issues regarding a more portable rheometer [ 25 ], the present method will be improved in the near future by adapting a portable imaging acquisition system [ 3 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ], and by adding passive pumps [ 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Blood Biophysical Properties Using Pressure Sensing with Micropump and Microfluidic Comparator

Kang

2022

Micromachines

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To identify the biophysical properties of blood samples consistently, macroscopic pumps have been used to maintain constant flow rates in a microfluidic comparator. In this study, the bulk-sized and expensive pump is replaced with a cheap and portable micropump. A specific reference fluid (i.e., glycerin solution [40%]) with a small volume of red blood cell (RBC) (i.e., 1% volume fraction) as fluid tracers is supplied into the microfluidic comparator. An averaged velocity (<Ur>) obtained with micro-particle image velocimetry is converted into the flow rate of reference fluid (Qr) (i.e., Qr = CQ × Ac × <Ur>, Ac: cross-sectional area, CQ = 1.156). Two control variables of the micropump (i.e., frequency: 400 Hz and volt: 150 au) are selected to guarantee a consistent flow rate (i.e., COV < 1%). Simultaneously, the blood sample is supplied into the microfluidic channel under specific flow patterns (i.e., constant, sinusoidal, and periodic on-off fashion). By monitoring the interface in the comparator as well as Qr, three biophysical properties (i.e., viscosity, junction pressure, and pressure-induced work) are obtained using analytical expressions derived with a discrete fluidic circuit model. According to the quantitative comparison results between the present method (i.e., micropump) and the previous method (i.e., syringe pump), the micropump provides consistent results when compared with the syringe pump. Thereafter, representative biophysical properties, including the RBC aggregation, are consistently obtained for specific blood samples prepared with dextran solutions ranging from 0 to 40 mg/mL. In conclusion, the present method could be considered as an effective method for quantifying the physical properties of blood samples, where the reference fluid is supplied with a cheap and portable micropump.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Blood Biophysical Properties Using Pressure Sensing with Micropump and Microfluidic Comparator

Kang

2022

Micromachines

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“…Being fabricated using transparent materials such as glass and PDMS, high-resolution visualization techniques, like confocal laser scanning microscopy and phase contrast microscopy, allow for in situ monitoring of cells and tissues. 98 Fluorescent and immunofluorescent staining of biomolecules can yield critical information on cell viability and cellular functions, 98 and cellular signatures can be obtained by omics approaches such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics from microchannels. 87,99 Such data can be utilized to highlight physiological changes in each compartment.…”

Section: The On-chip Implementation Of Gut Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-on-a-chip models for dissecting the gut microbiology and physiology

2023

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Microfluidic technologies have been extensively investigated in recent years for developing organ-on-a-chip-devices as robust in vitro models aiming to recapitulate organ 3D topography and its physicochemical cues. Among these attempts, an important research front has focused on simulating the physiology of the gut, an organ with a distinct cellular composition featuring a plethora of microbial and human cells that mutually mediate critical body functions. This research has led to innovative approaches to model fluid flow, mechanical forces, and oxygen gradients, which are all important developmental cues of the gut physiological system. A myriad of studies has demonstrated that gut-on-a-chip models reinforce a prolonged coculture of microbiota and human cells with genotypic and phenotypic responses that closely mimic the in vivo data. Accordingly, the excellent organ mimicry offered by gut-on-a-chips has fueled numerous investigations on the clinical and industrial applications of these devices in recent years. In this review, we outline various gut-on-a-chip designs, particularly focusing on different configurations used to coculture the microbiome and various human intestinal cells. We then elaborate on different approaches that have been adopted to model key physiochemical stimuli and explore how these models have been beneficial to understanding gut pathophysiology and testing therapeutic interventions.

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“…[101] LFI can similarly be a viable modality for sensing in OoC systems. [102] An effective method for detecting molecules and determining their composition, interaction, and conformity, is Raman spectroscopy. [103] Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) considerably increases sensitivity by enhancing Raman signals using electromagnetic and chemical means.…”

Section: Optical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LFI is a viable option for low‐cost point‐of‐care systems intended for resource‐constrained environments, as it produces high‐resolution images on a field‐portable platform [101] . LFI can similarly be a viable modality for sensing in OoC systems [102] …”

Section: Optical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Electrochemical and Optical Biosensing in Organs‐on‐Chip

Tawade,

Mastrangeli

2023

ChemBioChem

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Demand for biocompatible, non‐invasive, and continuous real‐time monitoring of organs‐on‐chip has driven the development of a variety of novel sensors. However, highest accuracy and sensitivity can arguably be achieved by integrated biosensing, which enables in situ monitoring of the in vitro microenvironment and dynamic responses of tissues and miniature organs recapitulated in organs‐on‐chip. This paper reviews integrated electrical, electrochemical, and optical sensing methods within organ‐on‐chip devices and platforms. By affording precise detection of analytes and biochemical reactions, these methods expand and advance the monitoring capabilities and reproducibility of organ‐on‐chip technology. The integration of these sensing techniques allows a deeper understanding of organ functions, and paves the way for important applications such as drug testing, disease modeling, and personalized medicine. By consolidating recent advancements and highlighting challenges in the field, this review aims to foster further research and innovation in the integration of biosensing in organs‐on‐chip.

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Microscopic Imaging Methods for Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms

Cited by 20 publications

References 128 publications

Assessment of Blood Biophysical Properties Using Pressure Sensing with Micropump and Microfluidic Comparator

Assessment of Blood Biophysical Properties Using Pressure Sensing with Micropump and Microfluidic Comparator

Gut-on-a-chip models for dissecting the gut microbiology and physiology

Integrated Electrochemical and Optical Biosensing in Organs‐on‐Chip

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