Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 and -2: Emerging Targets in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Kotsos, Dimitrios; Τζιόμαλος, Κωνσταντίνος

doi:10.3390/ijms24033049

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…GSH serves more purposes than just acting as an antioxidant, because it is a crucial detoxification system that plays a role in the modification of xenobiotics and2constitutes part of the process used to eliminate potentially hazardous compounds [41][42][43]. In addition, a mutual influence between estrogen and glutathione has been described [43][44][45], and involvement in the metabolism of some mediators of the inflammatory response, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes [46,47] was reported.…”

Section: Glutathione Biosynthesis and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

et al. 2023

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The tripeptide glutathione plays important roles in many cell processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis; in fact, disorders in glutathione homeostasis are involved both in the etiology and in the progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Natural compounds have been found to modulate glutathione levels and function beyond their role as mere antioxidants. For example, certain compounds can upregulate the expression of glutathione-related enzymes, increase the availability of cysteine, the limiting amino acid for glutathione synthesis, or directly interact with glutathione and modulate its function. These compounds may have therapeutic potential in a variety of disease states where glutathione dysregulation is a contributing factor. On the other hand, flavonoids’ potential to deplete glutathione levels could be significant for cancer treatment. Overall, while natural compounds may have potential therapeutic and/or preventive properties and may be able to increase glutathione levels, more research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and their potential benefits for the prevention and treatment of several diseases. In this review, particular emphasis will be placed on phytochemical compounds belonging to the class of polyphenols, terpenoids, and glucosinolates that have an impact on glutathione-related processes, both in physiological and pathological conditions. These classes of secondary metabolites represent the most food-derived bioactive compounds that have been intensively explored and studied in the last few decades.

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Section: Glutathione Biosynthesis and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

et al. 2023

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“…In addition to acting as an electron donor for GPx and providing protection against nonspecific oxidative damage and hydrogen peroxide, which is known to be a major cause of sickness in a variety of illnesses (Parsons and Gates 2013), It prevents the oxidative denaturation of proteins under stress by protecting thiol groups (Zhang et al, 2019). Protein, bilirubin, and enzyme levels in the blood are all improved in patients with deep-seated fatty liver diseases by glutathione (Kotsos and Tziomalos 2023). Additionally, it helps organisms detoxify and gets rid of different kinds of free radicals, or ROS, in cells (Lee et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione's antioxidant effects and its ability to shield mice's hepatocytes from damage caused by furan

Ibrahim,

Saleh,

Hamouda

2024

Food Technology Research Journal

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Furan is commonly found in several kinds of heat-treated foods, the existence of furan in food causes public health issues. The current research examines the preventive impact of glutathione on liver, kidney function, and tumor markers against furan-induced injury in mice. Male albino mice were divided into seven groups: a control (G1), G2 (0.5mg furan/ kg b.w./day), G3 (1 mg furan/kg b.w./day), G4 (2 mg furan/kg b.w./day), G5 (4 mg furan/ kg b.w./day), G6 (2 mg furan/kg b.w./day +500 mg glutathione/kg/day), and G7 (4 mg furan/kg b.w./day +500 mg glutathione/kg/day). At the end of the study, after 8 weeks, the anesthetized and sacrificed were done, and then the different tests were conducted. Results: Furan significantly increased hepatocyte damage in mice, as evidenced by increased activities of aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) after a 2mg/kg/ day dose. Furan promoted oxidative stress due to elevated malondialdehyde levels, occurring at various furan dosages (0.5, 1, 2, and 4mg/kg/day). The study found that pretreatment with glutathione at 500 mg/kg/day reduced AST, ALT, and MDA activities in mice, while furan levels did not negatively impact kidney functions. It should be noted that all levels of furan increased tumor markers [Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)] compared to the control (3.1 ng/ml), whereas glutathione reduced the level of AFP in groups taking furan at (2 and 4 mg/kg) to range (3.5-3.6 mg/ml) compared to (4.6-4.8 mg/ml) for the same groups taking furan at (2 and 4 mg/kg) without glutathione. Glutathione's protective effects against furan-induced hepatocyte damage may be due to its exceptional capacity to scavenge free radicals. Glutathione, with its strong antioxidant properties, has the potential to be a promising therapeutic and preventive agent for diseases induced by furan compounds.

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Latest Advancements in the Study of the Relationship Between NSAIDs and Three Prostaglandin E2 Synthases

Ruan,

2023

Future Med. Chem.

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Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 and -2: Emerging Targets in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 140 publications

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants

Glutathione's antioxidant effects and its ability to shield mice's hepatocytes from damage caused by furan

Latest Advancements in the Study of the Relationship Between NSAIDs and Three Prostaglandin E2 Synthases

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