“…Rare earth elements have low diffusion velocity in aluminum, and its additions to aluminum base alloys result in increases in heat-durability and thermal stability, while a decrease in the thermal expansion coefficient [8][9][10]. As a beneficial micro alloying element, Sc has been studied mostly due to the presence of elastically hard, coherent and nano-sized Al 3 Sc particles, which could strongly refine the as-cast grain size and inhibit the dislocation movements [11]. It has been reported that some mechanical properties, such as the peak hardness of Al alloys, do not change after partial replacement of expensive Sc by Gd [12].…”