Microstructural control of aluminum sheet used in automotive applications

Burger, G.; Gupta, Archana; Jeffrey, P.W.; Lloyd, D. J.

doi:10.1016/1044-5803(95)00065-8

Cited by 271 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…where H os is a constant taking values in the range of ~13.8-15.5 for Al-Mg alloys [75,76] by applying the general relationship between hardness and yield strength in MPa so that Hv = M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of grain refinement on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-3% Mg alloy processed by high-pressure torsion

Lee

Han

Janakiraman

et al. 2016

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Significance of grain refinement on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-3% Mg alloy processed by high-pressure torsion, Journal of Alloys and Compounds (2016), doi: 10.1016/ j.jallcom.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of grain refinement on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-3% Mg alloy processed by high-pressure torsion

Lee

Han

Janakiraman

et al. 2016

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…Work hardening and solid solution strengthening are two effective ways to improve their strength, but it has been realised that precipitation induced by small additions of Cu can play a role in work hardening and cause precipitation hardening [15,16,17]. Another reason for the interest in these type of alloys is the new trend in the automobile industry to exploit new Al alloys as car body panels to reduce weight and thus reduce fuel consumption [18]. Al-MgMn alloys of the 5XXX series (especially AA5182, AA5052) with Cu additions are very promising candidates for that application due to their excellent formability and good strength, moreover the precipitation induced by small Cu additions may also influence corrosion [19] and reduce recovery [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSC study of precipitation in an Al–Mg–Mn alloy microalloyed with Cu

Starink

Dion

2004

Thermochimica Acta

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Power compensation DSC has been employed to detect and analyse precipitation reactions in an Al-1.3Mg-0.4Mn and an Al-1.3Mg-0.4Mn-0.07Cu alloy in which very small amounts of precipitate, less than 0.3 at%, are expected to form. Due to the very small heat effects, baseline instability and drift significantly interfere with the measurements. After repeated experiments and careful baseline correction it is demonstrated that in the Cu containing alloy, ageing at 170°C causes the appearance of two endothermic effects: for 2 days ageing a small dissolution effect appears at about 230°C, whilst for 7 and 21 days ageing a dissolution effect peaking appears at about 300°C. The temperature range of the latter is consistent with S phase dissolution. IntroductionDifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and isothermal calorimetry are extensively used for the study of precipitation in heat treatable Al based alloys [1]. Studies are conducted on alloys in which the amount of alloying elements that precipitate is typically in the range of 1 to 10 atomic percent. For instance, in commercial Al-Cu-Mg alloys (e.g. AA2024: Al-1.6at%Cu-1at%Mg) the amount of Cu and Mg atoms that precipitate to form S phase is about 2at% [2,3], in an Al-1at%Si alloy the amount of Si that precipitates is about 1at% [4], in commercial Al-Zn-Mg-Cu based alloys the amount of precipitates is in the order of 4 to 7at% [5,6] (but these precipitates will contain some Al), in Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloys the amount of Li that precipitates to form δ' phase (Al 3 Li) is about 2 to 3 at% [7,8] and in Al-16at%Mg the amount of Mg atoms that precipitates to form β'' (Al 3 Mg) phase is about 6at% [9]. The Al alloys with the smallest amount of precipitation which have been studied by calorimetry are probably the Al-4.7at%Mg-0.25at%Cu-0.14at%Si alloy, in which about 0.5at% of Cu and Mg are expected to combine to form S phase (Al 2 CuMg) [10,11] and the Al-0.5at%Mn-0.3at%Fe based AA3003 alloy in which most of the Mn and Fe is thought to form intermetallic Al, Mn and Fe containing precipitates [12]. As far as we are aware no attempts to detect or analyse precipitation with calorimetry have been reported for metallic alloys in which the total amount of precipitating alloying elements is less than 0.5at%.The present paper reports work on a very dilute precipitation system: an Al-1.3at%Mg-0.4at%Mn alloy microalloyed with up to 0.07at%Cu. If S phase (Al 2 CuMg) forms in this alloy, the maximum

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“…1,2) However, as detected by the advanced instruments such as the threedimensional atom probe (3DAP), the introduction of nanoscale clusters which considerably affects the formation of metastable phases is unavoidable in order to clarify the agehardening phenomena. Recently, Serizawa et al 3,4) introduced characteristics of two types of nanoclusters, i.e., Cluster (1) and Cluster (2), in the Al-Mg-Si alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cu Addition on Behavior of Nanoclusters during Multi-Step Aging in Al-Mg-Si Alloys

2011

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Two types of nanoclusters, i.e. Cluster (1) and Cluster (2), play a strongly important role in the bake-hardening (BH) response in Al-Mg-Si alloys. Different formation behaviors of two types of nanoclusters were studied by means of hardness, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrical resistivity measurement, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM observation in the both Cu-free and Cuadded Al-Mg-Si alloys. As the results, Cluster (1) formed during natural aging at room temperature causes a deleterious effect, whereas Cluster (2) formed by the pre-aging at 100 C is effective for the suppression of the negative effect on the two-step aging behavior of the both Cu-free and Cu-added alloys. On the other hand, the microalloying of Cu strongly affects the nanocluster formation due to the strong interaction with Mg, Si atoms and vacancies. The first-principle calculation for the two-body interaction energies provides quite useful information to understand the early stage of the phase decomposition. The effects of nanoclusters and the Cu addition on the age-hardening behaviors of Al-Mg-Si alloys are discussed based on the multi-step age-hardening phenomena.

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Microstructural control of aluminum sheet used in automotive applications

Cited by 271 publications

References 13 publications

Significance of grain refinement on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-3% Mg alloy processed by high-pressure torsion

Significance of grain refinement on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-3% Mg alloy processed by high-pressure torsion

DSC study of precipitation in an Al–Mg–Mn alloy microalloyed with Cu

Effects of Cu Addition on Behavior of Nanoclusters during Multi-Step Aging in Al-Mg-Si Alloys

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