Microstructural Evolution, Behavior of Precipitates, and Mechanical Properties of Powder Metallurgical High-Speed Steel S390 During Tempering

Peng, Hanlin; Hu, Ling; Zhang, Xianglin; Wei, Xing; Li, Liejun; Zhou, Jianyu

doi:10.1007/s11661-018-5040-2

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The most representative method of in-situ reaction method is powder metallurgy [68] , but in the manufacturing process, there will be pollution, and it is difficult to prepare large-scale and complex-shape structural components, and the cost is very high. Considering the cost of adding alloying elements, it is a very ingenious idea to use impurity elements in the steelmaking process to realize the purification of impurity elements, transform impurity elements into treasure and form nanoparticles for strengthening steel.…”

Section: In-situ Reaction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The innovative and environmentally friendly methodologies for comprehensively enhancing the performances of high-strength steels without damage to plasticity, toughness and heat/corrosion/fatigue resistance are being developed. In recent years, nanoparticles elevate the field of high-strength steel. It is proposed that nanoparticles have the potential to replace conventional semi-coherent intermetallic compounds, carbides and alloying to optimize the steel. The fabrication process is simplified and the cost is lower compared with the traditional methods. Considerable research effort has been directed towards high-performance cast steels reinforced with nanoparticles due to potential application in major engineering. Nanoparticles are found to be capable of notably optimizing the nucleation behavior and precipitate process. The prominently optimized microstructure configuration and performances of cast steel can be acquired synchronously. In this review, the lattice matching and valence electron criterion between diverse nanoparticles and steel are summarized, and the existing various preparation methods are compared and analyzed. At present, there are four main methods to introduce nanoparticles into steel: external nanoparticle method, internal nanoparticle method, in-situ reaction method, and additive manufacturing method. These four methods have their own advantages and limitations, respectively. In this review, the synthesis, selection principle and strengthening mechanism of nanoparticles in cast steels for the above four methods are discussed in detail. Moreover, the main preparation methods and microstructure manipulation mechanism of the steel reinforced with different nanoparticles have been systematically expatiated. Finally, the development and future potential research directions of the application of nanoparticles in cast steel are prospected.

show abstract

Section: In-situ Reaction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of nanoparticles in cast steel: An overview

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The average transverse rupture strength of~2500 MPa was obtained for as-EBM S390 steel, Table III; this value is higher than that of 2094 MPa for the fully heat-treated PM S390 steel processed by hot-isostatic-pressing. [39] Fractography of the failed sample was examined by SEM to understand the nature of the failure. The low-magnification SEM image in Figure 13 shows that cracks were not originated from gas pores and the inset highlights that most of the fracture surfaces exhibited a cleavage fracture mode.…”

Section: G Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average transverse rupture strength for the as-EBM S390 steel achieves a high value of~2500 MPa, that is higher than that offered by the conventional means. [39] The high hardness value and bending strength in the as-EBM S390 steel are likely to be a combined effect of refined primary carbide precipitation and matrix strengthening. Figure 17 shows the presence of vanadium cluster in the auto-tempered martensite matrix, suggesting that these nanometer length-scale V-rich carbides could act as secondary carbide strengthening mechanism.…”

Section: Microstructure and Mechanical Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Solidification Microstructure and Carbide Precipitation Behavior in Electron Beam Melted High-Speed Steel

Jin

Gao

Peng

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The solidified microstructure and carbide precipitation behavior in an S390 high-speed steel processed by electron beam melting (EBM) have been fully characterized. The as-EBM microstructure consists of discontinuous network of very fine primary carbides dispersed in auto-tempered martensite matrix together with a limited amount of retained austenite. The carbide network consists of M 2 C/M 6 C and MC carbides. Both the columnar and near-equiaxed grain structures were found in as-EBM microstructure and the presence of inter-dendritic eutectic carbides assisted in revealing the dendritic solidification nature. The top-layer microstructure observation confirmed that the columnar dendritic structured grains were located adjacent to the micro-melt pool boundary, indicating an epitaxial growth with the average growth direction parallel to the maximum thermal gradient. At the center of the micro-melt pool, the near-equiaxed grains were developed by dendritic growth parallel to the beam traveling direction. The carbide decomposition was revealed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and confirmed by transmission Kikuchi diffraction. The MC carbides (rich in V followed by W) nucleated at the interface between M 2 C (W, Fe, Mo, and Co in the order of significance) and the matrix and then grew from the outside inward, but their nucleation might occur from the M 2 C carbide itself. The thermal effect induced by the adjacent scan lines seems to trigger a solid-state phase transformation of MC fi M 2 C + c-Fe. The elemental migration was theoretically calculated and compared with the experimental results. The high hardness of~65 HRC and good transverse rupture strength of~2500 MPa in as-EBM S390 means that EBM processing can be used to fabricate highly alloyed tool steels. With the help of the post-processing heat treatment, the best Rockwell hardness of 73.1±0.2 HRC and transverse rupture strength of 3012±34 MPa can be obtained.

show abstract

“…Consequently, it is popular in the industry and has been studied extensively. Over the years, several research projects have been devoted to the study of the S390 PM material [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In 2004, Niederkofler et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influence of posttreatment, including cryogenic treatment and plasma nitriding, on mechanical properties such as hardness, fracture toughness, and tribology has also been investigated [ 3 , 21 ]. A recent study investigates heat treatment—specifically, the variation of duration and temperature—and its effect on the mechanical properties, composition, solubility, and precipitation of carbides [ 2 , 23 ]. These studies confirm that the mechanical properties resulting from heat treatment are advantageous and recommend a heat treatment process that includes quenching and triple tempering for the formation of a martensite matrix and to precipitate micron-sized carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%