Microstructural influence on hydrogen permeation and trapping in steels

Liu, Michael A.; Rivera-Dı́az-del-Castillo, P.E.J.; Barraza-Fierro, Jesus Israel; Castaneda, Homero; Srivastava, Ankit

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107605

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The low-rate extrapolation run (Extrap-Low-Rate) resulted in approximately 3.4 ionic-% combined H + , , and . It seems unlikely that this value reflects a correctly measured hydrogen content, as it is far above hydrogen contents that are typically reached in steels (Takahashi et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2019), and also far above deuterium contents measured in the deuterated voltage evaporation experiments in this paper (0.009 and 0.045%, Table 5). Figure 6a reveals that this is due to the H + ions, which do not follow the linear trend as closely as the other species, resulting in estimation error.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Extending Estimating Hydrogen Content in Atom Probe Tomography Experiments Where H2 Molecule Formation Occurs

Meier

Jones

Felfer

et al. 2022

Microscopy and Microanalysis

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Extending Estimating Hydrogen Content in Atom Probe Tomography Experiments Where H2 Molecule Formation Occurs

Meier

Jones

Felfer

et al. 2022

Microscopy and Microanalysis

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“…137 Packet boundaries and lath interfaces in specific phases, and interfaces between the constituent phases in dual-and multiphase alloys are favorable H trapping sites, but the trapping characteristics of these interfaces are difficult to measure experimentally. 212 Nevertheless, ferrite/cementite interfaces in a pearlitic microstructure have been identified as weak traps 213 in comparison to ferrite/pearlite interfaces. 214 Retained austenite interface is believed to trap H, 215 but it is not easy to assure whether trapping occurs at the phase interface 216 or the austenite phase itself acts as a sink for H due to its low diffusivity.…”

Section: Influence Of Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…411 To control H content under a critical value, both trapping and permeation energies of H in the constituent phases should be accounted for. 213 Nickel and its alloys have an fcc structure and very different H solubility and diffusivity compared to bcc materials. H solubility in α-Fe is much lower than that in pure Ni, while H diffusivity in α-Fe can be five orders of magnitude higher than that in pure Ni.…”

Section: Accommodation Of H In Engineering Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Embrittlement as a Conspicuous Material Challenge─Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

Yu,

Díaz,

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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Hydrogen is considered a clean and efficient energy carrier crucial for shaping the net-zero future. Large-scale production, transportation, storage, and use of green hydrogen are expected to be undertaken in the coming decades. As the smallest element in the universe, however, hydrogen can adsorb on, diffuse into, and interact with many metallic materials, degrading their mechanical properties. This multifaceted phenomenon is generically categorized as hydrogen embrittlement (HE). HE is one of the most complex material problems that arises as an outcome of the intricate interplay across specific spatial and temporal scales between the mechanical driving force and the material resistance fingerprinted by the microstructures and subsequently weakened by the presence of hydrogen. Based on recent developments in the field as well as our collective understanding, this Review is devoted to treating HE as a whole and providing a constructive and systematic discussion on hydrogen entry, diffusion, trapping, hydrogen–microstructure interaction mechanisms, and consequences of HE in steels, nickel alloys, and aluminum alloys used for energy transport and storage. HE in emerging material systems, such as high entropy alloys and additively manufactured materials, is also discussed. Priority has been particularly given to these less understood aspects. Combining perspectives of materials chemistry, materials science, mechanics, and artificial intelligence, this Review aspires to present a comprehensive and impartial viewpoint on the existing knowledge and conclude with our forecasts of various paths forward meant to fuel the exploration of future research regarding hydrogen-induced material challenges.

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“…The 1D model can be related with grain boundary trapping and polycrystalline features when density of defects , and binding energy , represent grain boundary values , and , . According to some references, (Song et al 2013;Liu et al 2019), trap densities associated with grain boundaries depend on burgers vector and average grain size:…”

Section: Polycrystalline Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of hydrogen permeation tests considering two different modelling approaches for grain boundary trapping in iron

et al. 2019

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The electrochemical permeation test is one of the most used methods for characterising hydrogen diffusion in metals. The flux of hydrogen atoms registered in the oxidation cell might be fitted to obtain apparent diffusivities. The magnitude of this coefficient has a decisive influence on the kinetics of fracture or fatigue phenomena assisted by hydrogen and depends largely on hydrogen retention in microstructural traps. In order to improve the numerical fitting of diffusion coefficients, a permeation test has been reproduced using FEM simulations considering two approaches: a continuum 1D model in which the trap density, binding energy and the input lattice concentrations are critical variables and a polycrystalline model where trapping at grain boundaries is simulated explicitly including a segregation factor and a diffusion coefficient different from that of the interior of the grain. Results show that the continuum model captures trapping delay, but it should be modified to model the trapping influence on the steady state flux. Permeation behaviour might be classified according to different regimes depending on deviation from Fickian diffusion. Polycrystalline synthetic permeation shows a strong influence of segregation on output flux magnitude. This approach is able to simulate also the short-circuit diffusion phenomenon. The comparison between different grain sizes and grain boundary thicknesses by means of the fitted apparent diffusivity shows the relationships between the registered flux and the characteristic parameters of traps.

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Microstructural influence on hydrogen permeation and trapping in steels

Cited by 34 publications

References 54 publications

Extending Estimating Hydrogen Content in Atom Probe Tomography Experiments Where H2 Molecule Formation Occurs

Extending Estimating Hydrogen Content in Atom Probe Tomography Experiments Where H2 Molecule Formation Occurs

Hydrogen Embrittlement as a Conspicuous Material Challenge─Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

Analysis of hydrogen permeation tests considering two different modelling approaches for grain boundary trapping in iron

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