Microstructural investigation of sol–gel BZT powders

Thanachayanont, Chanchana; Yordsri, Visittapong; Kijamnajsuk, Suphakan; Binhayeeniyi, Nawal; Muensit, Nantakan

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2012.05.075

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, in the BCZT system investigated in this work, an increase in the Ba 2+ /Ca 2+ ratio is accompanied by a decrease in the Ti 4+ /Zr 4+ ratio, thus involving more complex changes in both the A and B sites of the perovskite lattice. The reported c/a ratio of the Ba(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 (the end composition without Ca 2+ in this paper) powder made by a sol-gel process is 1.0011 (tetragonal phase) [28], whereas the largest c/a ratio of 1.009 achieved by the 1/9 BCZT sample in Fig. 11 is close to the reported datum of 1.01 (tetragonal phase) for the parent composition BaTiO 3 [29].…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 76%

(Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics—The critical role of processing on properties

Bai

Matoušek

Tofel

et al. 2015

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

103

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Lead-free piezoelectric compositions based on (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O 3 have been reported to exhibit many piezoelectric properties similar to the conventionally used Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 materials, and have thus been attracting much attention as potential replacements for lead-based piezoceramics. However, there appears quite a wide variation in the reported piezoelectric properties of the BCZT ceramics, indicating that such properties may be sensitive to fabrication and processing methods. This paper reports an investigation of a wide range of processing factors, including composition (e.g. ratio of Ba(Zr,Ti)O 3 to (Ba,Ca)TiO 3 ), sintering conditions (temperature and cooling rate), particle size of the calcined ceramic powder, structure and microstructure (e.g. phase, lattice parameters, density and grain size), and their effect on the piezoelectric properties. For individual compositions, lattice constants and grain size, which are themselves dependent on the ceramic powder particle size and sintering conditions, have been shown to be very important in terms of optimising piezoelectric properties in these materials.

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Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 76%

(Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics—The critical role of processing on properties

Bai

Matoušek

Tofel

et al. 2015

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

103

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“…This final mechanism is due to the decarbonation of BaCO 3 to react with TiO 2 and ZrO 2 . For these results, it is worth noting that although the calcination process is typically performed at temperatures as low as 650 • C, the calcination temperature used in this work was 1100 • C [15,16] to ensure the formation of the pure perovskite structure of Ba(Zr x Ti 1−x )O 3 without secondary phases, as seen in the following XRD result ( Figure 2). Calcination at a temperature above 1100 • C should not be undertaken, because of the agglomeration and enlargement of Ba(Zr x Ti 1−x )O 3 particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glacial acetic acid (Merck, Darmstadt, HE, Germany, 100%) and 2-methoxyethanol (Ajex Finechem Pty Ltd, Taren Point, NSW, Australia) were used as solvents in the sol-gel method following Jiwei et al [14]. The procedure has been reported elsewhere [15,16]. The gels were dried in an oven for 24 h. All dried gels were calcined at 1100 • C for 2 h in alumina crucibles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Conversion Capacity of Barium Zirconate Titanate

et al. 2020

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In this study, we investigated the effect of zirconium content on lead-free barium zirconate titanate (BZT) (Ba(ZrxTi1−x)O3, with x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08), which was prepared by the sol–gel method. A single-phase perovskite BZT was obtained under calcination and sintering conditions at 1100 °C and 1300 °C. Ferroelectric measurements revealed that the Curie temperature of BaTiO3 was 399 K, and the transition temperature decreased with increasing zirconium content. At the Curie temperature, Ba(Zr0.03Ti0.97)O3 with a dielectric constant of 19,600 showed the best performance in converting supplied mechanical vibration into electrical power. The experiments focused on piezoelectric activity at a low vibrating frequency, and the output power that dissipated from the BZT system at 15 Hz was 2.47 nW (30 MΩ). The prepared lead-free sol–gel BZT is promising for energy-harvesting applications considering that the normal frequencies of ambient vibration sources are less than 100 Hz.

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“…2(a), PMNZT60/40 exhibited a tetragonal phase which is nearly at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition. BZN contents were gradually increasingly added into PMNZT60/ 40, resulting in the changes in the degree 2θ peak that were slightly shifted to the left hand, implying the decreases of lattice parameter due to lattice strain and successful B 0 substitution to the B 00 sites (1:2 order structure) [20]. Thus, the phase transformation from the tetragonal to the pseudo-cubic phase occurs with increasing BZN content.…”

Section: Powder Characteristics Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%