Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of AISI 316 Steel Layers Deposited on AISI 347 Steel Substrate by Laser Metal Deposition

Ligabo, Isabela A.; Braga, Vagner; Ferreira, Caroline C. A.; Siqueira, Rafael Humberto de Mota; Lourenço, J.C.; Abdalla, Antônio Jorge; Lima, Milton Sérgio Fernandes de

doi:10.3390/met12122161

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…AISI 316 steel (wt.%: C≤0.8; Si≤0.75; Mn≤2.00; Cr 16.0-18.0; Ni 10.0-14.0; Mo 2.0-3.0; S≤0.03; P≤0.045; Fe -the rest), considered in [4], belongs to the austenitic class. It is used for the manufacture of parts of mechanisms operating in a wide temperature range, as well as for welded structures operating in various aggressive environments (sea water, acids).…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing the optimal chemical composition of heat-resistant Cr-Ni steel for aerospace equipment

Mishchenko,

Kripak,

Tonkonoh

2023

EEJET

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The object of research in this work is the processes of forming the microstructure and mechanical properties of heat-resistant steels depending on their chemical composition. The microstructure and high-temperature mechanical properties of austenitic heat-resistant chrome-nickel steels of the proposed chemical composition were investigated in the work. The microstructure study determined the grain size and topography of inclusions in steels. Based on the results of mechanical tests, a multifactorial experiment was planned, which made it possible to establish the relationship between the mechanical properties of steels with alloying elements selected as factors. The obtained regression equations were used to estimate the quantitative influence of each alloying element on the corresponding mechanical properties. Analysis of the results of the experiment made it possible to determine the optimal chemical composition of steel for gas turbine engines used in the aerospace industry, as well as in the metallurgy of titanium production. It is shown that the state of solid solution and heat-resistant niobium and molybdenum carbides (chromium carbides dissolve at a temperature of 950 °C) are an important factor that significantly affects the structure, mechanical, and service properties of heat-resistant steel. The austenite structure is provided by the required amount of nickel. The resulting indicators of heat resistance of steels of different compositions, tested at temperatures of 850 °C, 950 °C, and 1050 °C, proved the superiority of steel with a higher content of carbon and chromium and a lower content of nickel. The mechanism of steel strengthening and the influence of alloying with carbon, chromium, and nickel on it have been determined. The optimal chemical composition of heat-resistant steel on an iron-nickel basis for operation at a temperature of 950 °C has been established

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Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing the optimal chemical composition of heat-resistant Cr-Ni steel for aerospace equipment

Mishchenko,

Kripak,

Tonkonoh

2023

EEJET

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“…Steel materials, particularly austenitic stainless steels such as AISI 316L, which are readily available and exhibit excellent corrosion resistance, are actively used for additive manufacturing. The metallurgical and mechanical properties of additively manufactured AISI 316L stainless steels have been extensively studied [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Additive manufacturing via laser metal deposition has been used to improve the wear resistance of stainless-steel materials via compositing with tungsten carbide particles [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Solid-Solution Carbon and Eutectic Carbides in AISI 316L Steel-Based Tungsten Carbide Composites on Plasma Carburizing and Nitriding

Adachi

Yamaguchi

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Metals

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AISI 316L stainless-steel-based tungsten carbide composite layers fabricated via laser metal deposition are used for additive manufacturing. Heat treatment practices such as low-temperature plasma carburizing and nitriding improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels via the formation of expanded austenite, known as the S phase. In the present study, practices to enhance the hardness and corrosion resistances of the stainless-steel parts in the composite layers have been investigated, including single plasma carburizing for 4 h and continuous plasma nitriding for 3.5 h following carburizing for 0.5 h at 400 and 450 °C. The as-deposited composite layers contain solid-solution carbon and eutectic carbides owing to the thermal decomposition of tungsten carbide during the laser metal deposition. The eutectic carbides inhibit carbon diffusion, whereas the original solid-solution carbon contributes to the formation of the S phase, resulting in a thick S phase layer. Both the single carburizing and continuous processes are effective in improving the Vickers surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the composite layers despite containing the solid-solution carbon and eutectic carbides.

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“…However, it is necessary to establish effective control mechanisms to understand the complex effects mentioned above and manufacture DED parts with superior mechanical properties. Therefore, many researchers have investigated the effects of the process parameters on the microstructural and mechanical properties of parts produced with DED [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Re-Melting Effect in the Manufacturing of 316L by Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Method

Kahya,

Gurun,

Kucukturk

2023

Metals

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In this study, the effects of the laser power (2000 W, 2250 W, 2500 W), scanning speed (0.6, 0.8, 1 m/min), and powder feed rate (10, 12.5, 15 g/min) on material structures and their mechanical properties were investigated in the production of 316L stainless steels through Direct Energy Deposition (DED). In addition, changes in the microstructure caused by the re-melting process were also investigated. Optimized process parameters were modeled using the CFD software (FLOW 3D V3.0). In order to see the effects on the density and mechanical properties, the sample production was repeated as a build and by applying the re-melting process between the layers. When the energy density and powder feed rate are considered together, it has been determined that the deposition rate increases in direct proportion to the energy density and tends to decrease inversely with the powder feed rate. When the experimental and analysis results of the single clad height are compared, it is seen that the values obtained are very approximate. It has been observed that the most important parameters affecting the formation of porosity are the energy density and powder feed density. Re-melting slightly affects the microstructure of the material and causes grain growth. Changes in the impact strength of the re-melted samples were observed depending on the energy density.

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Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of AISI 316 Steel Layers Deposited on AISI 347 Steel Substrate by Laser Metal Deposition

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Developing the optimal chemical composition of heat-resistant Cr-Ni steel for aerospace equipment

Developing the optimal chemical composition of heat-resistant Cr-Ni steel for aerospace equipment

Effects of Solid-Solution Carbon and Eutectic Carbides in AISI 316L Steel-Based Tungsten Carbide Composites on Plasma Carburizing and Nitriding

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Re-Melting Effect in the Manufacturing of 316L by Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Method

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