Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded Galvanized Steel

Baek, Seung-Moon; Choi, Don-Hyun; Lee, Chang-Yong; Ahn, Byung-Wook; Yeon, Yun-Mo; Song, Keun; Jung, Seung‐Boo

doi:10.2320/matertrans.m2009337

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Li et al [25] reported that plunge depth increased with the increase of dwell time and plunge rate on the pinless friction stir spot welding of AA2024. Similarly, Baek et al [23] showed that gap at the joint edge region decreased with increasing of tool plunge depth.…”

Section: Macrostructure and Microstructure Of Fssw Jointsmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Friction Stir Spot Welding: A Review on Joint Macro- and Microstructure, Property, and Process Modelling

Yang

Tian

2014

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is a very useful variant of the conventional friction stir welding (FSW), which shows great potential to be a replacement of single-point joining processes like resistance spot welding and riveting. There have been many reports and some industrial applications about FSSW. Based on the open literatures, the process features and variants, macro- and microstructural characteristics, and mechanical properties of the resultant joints and numerical simulations of the FSSW process were summarized. In addition, some applications of FSSW in aerospace, aviation, and automobile industries were also reviewed. Finally, the current problems and issues that existed in FSSW were indicated.

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Section: Macrostructure and Microstructure Of Fssw Jointsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…For joints of galvanized steel, white layer was found at the top sheets in all samples. Authors explained it to the phase transformation of galvanized steel or the reaction between the tool and steel sheets [23].…”

Section: Macrostructure and Microstructure Of Fssw Jointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction Stir Spot Welding: A Review on Joint Macro- and Microstructure, Property, and Process Modelling

Yang

Tian

2014

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…The melting and boiling temperatures of Zn are 693 K (420°C) and 1180 K (907°C), respectively, welding peaks temperatures especially at the tool/workpiece contact region are expected to be higher than the boiling temperature of Zn, and thus, the possibility of Zn present in the stirred zone (SZ) should be low. Beak et al [17] explained the existence of Zn in the stirred zone as a result of a tool effect, whereby Zn will melt and evaporate during FSW, but because there is no way for it to escape outside the tool/workpiece contact region, it will explode into the SZ. In this paper, an interpretation to coalesce Zn with other elemental segregation in W2 FSW sample can be as follows: (a) The centrifugal forces from FSW tool are pushing the steel including the Zn-coated layer at tool/workpiece contact surface to the advancing-trailing side during the FSW.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregation of Mn, Si, Al, and Oxygen During the Friction Stir Welding of DH36 Steel

Al-moussawi

Smith

Faraji

et al. 2017

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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This work investigates the role of welding speed in elemental segregation of Mn, Si, Al, and oxygen during friction stir welding (FSW) in DH36 steel. The experimental work undertaken showed that when the speed of the FSW process exceeds 500 RPM with a traverse speed of 400 mm/min, then elemental segregation of Mn, Si, Al, and O occurred. The mechanism of this segregation is not fully understood; additionally, the presence of oxygen within these segregated elements needs investigation. This work examines the elemental segregation within DH36 steel by conducting heat treatment experiments on unwelded samples incrementally in the range of 1200-1500°C and at cooling rates similar to that in FSW process. The results of heat treatments were compared with samples welded under two extremes of weld tool speeds, namely W1 low tool speeds (200 RPM with traverse speed of 100 mm/min) and W2 high tool speeds (550 RPM with traverse speed of 400 mm/min). The results from the heat treatment trials showed that segregation commences when the temperature exceeds 1400°C and Mn, Si, Al, and oxygen segregation progress occurs at 1450°C and at a cooling rate associated with acicular ferrite formation. It was also found that high rotational speeds exceeding 500 RPM caused localized melting at the advancing-trailing side of the friction stir-welded samples. The study aims to estimate peak temperature limits at which elemental segregation does not occur and hence prevent their occurrence in practice by applying the findings to the tool's rotational and traverse speed that correspond to the defined temperature.

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“…The temperature was 430ºC at the interface and 310º C near the center and edge nugget. Based on these data, Zn layer melted or softened under the FSSW tool rotation [29], [30]. The distribution of Zn will better if it is illustrated in quantitative measurement.…”

Section: Fig 2 Geometry and Zones Of Fssw Jointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Rotational Speed and Flat Tool Diameter on the Zn Distribution of the Dissimilar Metals Friction Stir Spot Welded between Aluminum Alloy 5083 H321 and Galvanized Steel

2019

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Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) was developed to join the dissimilar materials as an alternative for replacing the resistance spot welding (RSW). In the case of dissimilar metals welded between aluminum and galvanized steel, Zn can decompose and diffuse in both steel and aluminum so it can increase the joint strength. Due to this reason, it is important to explore the Zn distribution based on the parameter of the friction stir spot welding. The lap joint configuration was used in this work where aluminum plate was placed on the top of steel. Aluminum thickness was 3 mm, while steel thickness was 1 mm. The constant depth of plunge, dwell time, and penetration rate were 2.7 mm, 3 seconds, and 0.9 mm/sec respectively. Flat tool with diameters of 10 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm were used for FSSW processes and for each flat tool diameter, four levels of the rotational speed of 1000 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1600 rpm and 2000 rpm were performed. The Zn distribution was evaluated using the SEM and EDS analysis. Due to the heat generation during FSSW process, materials around the tools will soften and then flow to follow the centrifugal force. The rotational speed and the flat tool diameter affected the distance and the shape of Zn diffusion flow. The distance of Zn diffusion both horizontal and vertical direction increased as increasing the rotational speed and the flat tool diameter.

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded Galvanized Steel

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

Friction Stir Spot Welding: A Review on Joint Macro- and Microstructure, Property, and Process Modelling

Friction Stir Spot Welding: A Review on Joint Macro- and Microstructure, Property, and Process Modelling

Segregation of Mn, Si, Al, and Oxygen During the Friction Stir Welding of DH36 Steel

Effect of Rotational Speed and Flat Tool Diameter on the Zn Distribution of the Dissimilar Metals Friction Stir Spot Welded between Aluminum Alloy 5083 H321 and Galvanized Steel

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