Microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon MgO–C refractories bonded by an Fe nanosheet-modified phenol resin

Effect of carbon-coated Al2O3 powder on structure and properties of low-carbon MgO-C refractory composites

“…The improvements in the mechanical properties were greatly associated with the changes in the microstructures of the specimens [14]. The porosity of CCA-MgO-C was significantly lower than that of UA-MgO-C.…”

“…Recently, several researchers have paid more attention to overcoming the mechanical and thermal properties of low-carbon MgO-C composites by adopting nanotechnology [11,12], using more efficient additives [13], binding agents [14] and carbon source [15]. In situ spinel formation is accompanied by volumetric expansion, which leads to a significant reduction in pore volume and improves the oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon MgO-C refractories [16][17][18][19].…”

“…In situ spinel formation is accompanied by volumetric expansion, which leads to a significant reduction in pore volume and improves the oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon MgO-C refractories [16][17][18][19]. The current adjustment of the spinel reaction is generally used to add metal [14,20,21] or metal oxide [22][23][24], change MgO, Al 2 O 3 particles size and content [25], or control the reaction atmosphere [26]. Zhu et al [20] found on the basis of microstructural observations and compositional analysis that the addition of metallic Al and low graphite content played essential roles in the formation of the hollow MgO-rich spinel whiskers.…”

The phase composition and microstructural evolution of a novel MgO-C-Al-Si refractory used in bottom-blowing elements at high temperatures in flowing nitrogen

“…Introducing metal antioxidants (Al or Si) into the MgO-C refractories is an effective method for overcoming their poor oxidation resistance and low mechanical strength [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], which has been one of the research directions of the MgO-C refractories with low carbon content less than 8 wt % in recent years [10]. Compared with Si, Al has a higher activity and is more likely to react with other substances within the MgO-C refractories to form some nonoxides and oxides with high performances, for example, AlN, Al 4 C 3 , and MgAl 2 O 4 spinel [4,11].…”

Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study

“…Wei et al [54] studied the effect of adding Fe nanosheets (from 0 to 1.0 wt.%) to the microstructure of low-carbon MgO-C refractories bonded with phenol resin. They found that the mechanical and thermal shock resistances of low-carbon refractories with 0.5 wt.% Fe nanosheets are highly improved in comparison with specimens without Fe nanosheets, which is attributed to the in situ formation of CNTs and the appearance of bridges that induce a crack deflection mechanism in the matrix.…”