Microstructure and texture evolution of friction stir welded dissimilar aluminum alloys: AA2024 and AA6061

Moradi, Mohammad Mahdi; Aval, Hamed Jamshidi; Jamaati, Roohollah; Amirkhanlou, Sajjad; Ji, Shouxun

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.01.016

Cited by 115 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…In summary, hardness distribution in the dissimilar material joints is closely associated with mechanical behavior such as strain hardening and the fracture origin. (a) AA6061-AA1050 [42] (b) AA2024-AA6061 [22] (c) AA2024-AA5083 [91] (d) AA2219-AA5083 [60] (e) AA6061-AA7075 [46] (f) AA6061-AA7075 T6 [51] Figure 10. Hardness distribution along the cross section of the dissimilar Al combination joints.…”

Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) AA6061-AA1050 [42]; with permission from the authors. (b) AA2024-AA6061, reproduced from [22], with permission from Elsevier, 2108; (c) AA2024-AA5083 reproduced from [91], with permission from Elsevier, 2019; (d) AA2219-AA5083 reproduced from [60], with permission from Elsevier, 2012; (e) AA6061-AA7075 reproduced from [46], with permission from Elsevier, 2015; (f) AA6061-AA7075 T6], reproduced from [51], with permission from Springer, 2014.…”

Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Combinations: State-of-the-Art

Patel

Wang

et al. 2019

Metals

112

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Friction stir welding (FSW) has enjoyed great success in joining aluminum alloys. As lightweight structures are designed in higher numbers, it is only natural that FSW is being explored to join dissimilar aluminum alloys. The use of different aluminum alloy combinations in applications offers the combined benefit of cost and performance in the same component. This review focuses on the application of FSW in dissimilar aluminum alloy combinations in order to disseminate research this topic. The review details published works on FSWed dissimilar aluminum alloys. The detailed summary of literature lists welding parameters for the different aluminum alloy combinations. Furthermore, auxiliary welding parameters such as positioning of the alloy, tool rotation speed, welding speed and tool geometry are discussed. Microstructural features together with joint mechanical properties, like hardness and tensile strength measurements, are presented. At the end, new directions for the joining of dissimilar aluminum alloy combinations should guide further research to extend as well as to improve the process, which is expected to raise further interest on the topic.

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Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Combinations: State-of-the-Art

Patel

Wang

et al. 2019

Metals

112

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“…Si alloy is distinctly different from that in pure aluminum, with the grain rotation being more prominent than the grain subdivision due to lower stacking fault energy and the reduced mobility of full dislocations in the alloy [29,31]. Other experimental work has found that Mg and Si concentration in Al impact on the deformation mechanism and grain size in aluminum alloys [15,17,30,32]. A recent study on Al/Ti composites has showed that the Al/Ti interphase boundaries significantly promoted the generation of dislocation during high-pressure torsion deformation [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The deformation mechanism and twinning tendency expect to depend on the values of SFE/USFE and UTE/USFE [29,30], respectively. SFE/USFE value close to 1.0 imply that deformation by full dislocation emission is preferred.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Stacking Fault Energies of Aluminum Alloys–Density Functional Theory Calculations

Muzyk

Pakieła

Kurzydłowski

2018

Metals

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Generalized stacking fault energies of aluminum alloys were calculated using density functional theory. Stacking fault energy of aluminum alloys was correlated with the d-electrons number of transition metal alloying elements. The tendency to twinning is also modified by the presence of the alloying element in the deformation plane. Our results suggest that Al alloys, with such elements as Zr, Nb, Y, Mo, Ta, and Hf, are expected to exhibit a strong work hardening rate due to emission of the partial dislocations.

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“…The FSW parameters were optimized for several dissimilar joints between AA2024 to 5xxx series [33], 6xxx series [34,35] and 7xxx series [36]. Dissimilar friction stir welding of AA2024-T3 and AA2198-T3 in butt-joint configuration has been already investigated in terms of microstructural and specific mechanical characterizations for a particular configuration [37,38], but no research on optimization of friction stir welding tool geometry and parameters for joining dissimilar AA2024 and AA2198 joints has been reported in the open literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tool geometry and welding speed on mechanical properties of dissimilar AA2198–AA2024 FSWed joint

Khalilabad

Zedan

Texier

et al. 2018

Journal of Manufacturing Processes

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Keywords:Friction stir welding FSW tool design Al-Li alloys Welding speed 2024 aluminum alloy Tensile properties DIC A B S T R A C T Different tool geometries were used to investigate the joining of aluminum alloys (AA2198 to AA2024) by friction stir welding (FSW). Three shoulder profiles (flat, raised spiral, and raised fan) and five different pin profiles (cone, half threaded cylindrical, straight cylindrical, tapered cylindrical and square) were selected. Preliminary investigations were conducted by moving the tool into a seamless sheet made of the AA2024-T3 in order to select the tools that produce defect-free joints. Preliminary investigations showed the raised fan shoulder profile helps the material flow from the edge of shoulder to the pin creating a smooth surface finish with no flash in comparison with flat and raised spiral shoulder profiles. Pins with a minimum diameter equal to half the plate thickness produced lack of penetration (LOP) defects, while increasing minimum pin diameter to the plate thickness eliminates the LOP defects. Half threaded cylindrical pin produced tunneling defect, whereas defect free joint made by straight cylindrical, tapered cylindrical and cubic pin profiles. So they were selected for joining AA2024 to AA2198. Fracture locations of different joint variants were observed the vicinity of the thermomechanical affected zone (TMAZ) of AA2198-T3 alloy, and in the nugget on the AA2198-T3 side which have the minimum hardness and highest strain localization as confirmed by hardness maps and digital image coronation (DIC). Higher measured temperature than dissolution temperature of AA2198 main strengthening precipitates could be the reason of low hardness and fracture in TMAZ and center of nugget. Furthermore a raised fan shoulder with a tapered cylindrical pin produced highest elongation and yield strength and it was selected as the best candidate for optimization of the welding parameters. It was found that higher rotational and traverse speeds enhance the formation of tunneling and kissing bond defects, suggesting that longer pins have to be used for higher traverse speeds. Welding speed 750 rpm with 450 mm min −1 could create joint with highest yield strength.

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Microstructure and texture evolution of friction stir welded dissimilar aluminum alloys: AA2024 and AA6061

Cited by 115 publications

References 16 publications

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Combinations: State-of-the-Art

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Combinations: State-of-the-Art

Generalized Stacking Fault Energies of Aluminum Alloys–Density Functional Theory Calculations

Effect of tool geometry and welding speed on mechanical properties of dissimilar AA2198–AA2024 FSWed joint

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